194 TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



early fruit iuto market. The early Joes (apples) are delicious and 

 hang like ropes of onions. 



Mr. Dodge — The peach trees look well, no curl as usual, but no 

 fruit. 



Mr. Bergen thinks that a good sign for a future crop. On 

 Long Island the cherries were good, and this year there are some 

 plums. Peaches are a failure. Pears promise finely. Early 

 apples are good, late look bad. 



Mr. Weeks — We have more plums than usual this season. 



Mr. Quinn — There were no peach blossoms about Newark. 

 Pears are above the average, though blight is showing itself. 

 Apples are poor, 



Mr. Parsons has three ticres Delaware grapes on Long Island, 

 looking well, with very little mildew\ 



Dr. Smith finds black spots on his Catawaba, which he was told 

 was incipient rot. 



Mr. Kelsey's grapes mildewed badly last season, save the Dela- 

 ware, which escaped. The others were Catawba, Isabella and 

 Diana ; have seen no mildew this season, and they promise well. 



Dr. Warder says mildew is a distinct disease, or a fungus 

 growth on the leaves w^hich causes them to fall. He was told by 

 a friend that a heavy rain knocked all the leaves from his vines, 

 but had to admit that the trees retained theirs. Mildew took 

 them off. The upper side of the leaf turns brown, the under side 

 white. The fruit turns black and falls when of the size of buck- 

 shot ; last year it showed itself early in June and the vines did 

 not blossom. The mildew and rot are distinct diseases. With 

 him the Clinton and Ives' seedling are about the only sorts exempt 

 from rot. 



Mr. N. C. Ely nursed the peach for years, in Connecticut, and 

 what did not die he at last dug out. Apples are full ; pears so 

 abundant that he had been thinning many of them out, had re- 

 moved thousands. Plums are doino: uothinor, but he is rjoing to 

 apply salt mud about his trees three or four inches deep \ is told 

 it is a remedy against curculio ; has pruned at diflerent seasons, 

 but likes the summer best. One-half of an apple tree was pruned 

 a few years ago in February, and the wounds are black with no 

 wood over them. The other half, pruned in summer, healed over 

 in two years. 



Dr. Warder had seen one good thing in Jersey, and that was the 

 apple worm preventive of Dr. Trimble, viz. : hay ix)pes wound 



