386 TRANSACTIONS OP THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



notes, bonds, legal writings, and parchment documents. Recently 

 it has been found superior in photograj^hy. 



Gov. Fuller stated that if the husks of the corn crop of this 

 country were converted into paper, they would be worth over a 

 hundred and seventeen millions of doHars; but now they are 

 wasted, and instead, we are using filthy rags, which in some 

 places scatter, by their infection, disease and death. He spoke of 

 many other uses for paper stock, for instance a species of paper 

 mache has been applied to gun boats, and it resisted a cannon 

 ball, where thick iron plate was pierced. 



All the various kinds of paper and cloth mentioned were exhi- 

 bited; the paper is very firm, and that used for parchment of great 

 firmness. 



Planting Apple-Seeds and Geoaving Them. 



Mr. D. W. Kauffman, Des Moines, Iowa: I put the seeds into a 

 barrel, submerge them in water previously heated to 150 degrees, 

 let them steam twenty-four hours, then put them into small boxes 

 (boot-boxes) mixed with sand, one bushel of seeds, and a half a 

 bushel of sand, set them in the shade, or on the north side of a 

 building to freeze; then cover with snow well packed, to keep 

 them frozen until the ground is ready. The seeds will sprout too 

 early if not kept frozen. In this way I have had the ver^^ best 

 success. Last year I treated nine bushels in this way, and raised 

 nearly 500,000 plants. I have just put up twenty-five bushels in 

 the same manner, and have teu bushels more to prepare. To 

 plant them I procure new land, «o matter how far from home, or 

 what rent I am charged (old, land will not produce good stocks), 

 plow it deep, harrow it, sow broadcast a bushel and a half to the 

 acre, harrow and cross harrow, or in otlier words I put them in 

 in just as I do wheat. Last 3'ear the cultivation cost about S50 

 for nine bushels. On old land it might have cost six times as 

 much. I hand-weed and use a hoe where I can. When seeds are 

 drilled, unless very thin, they make but small stalks the first 

 year, whereas to sow them broadcast they grow twice as large. 



A New Gate. 



Mr. C. G. Caulkins, Ashtabula, Ohio, sent a model of a farm- 

 gate by another part}', which is opened by one sitting in a buggy, 

 and which is veiy ingenious. 



Adjourned. 



