414 TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



properh' there, among whom is Mr. Gcrow, the veteran cashier 

 of TJie Tribune, and they have profitable and fine farms. 



Dr. Snodgrass. — We all know of people commg back from new 

 conntries crying the}' would not have the land for a cent an acre, 

 while others -ffo on, and not being discouraofed with slisfht obsta- 

 cles, prospered. Those who had such ])ad luck at Vineland, 

 probably went to the wrong place. 



Mr. R. J. Dodge. — A man worth $1,200 need not expect to support 

 his family on new land the first year. He must subdue the soil 

 and apply manure. Then there is another thing. Vineland is not 

 recommended for general farming, but especially for fruit ; and 

 to grow fruit, time is required. Under these circumstances it is 

 not fair to condemn a country. 



Dr. Jarvis. — We have a great deal of land on this coast incapable 

 of producing crops the first j^ear. The south shore of Long Island, 

 and much of New Jersy, is similar; it has been overflowed by the 

 ocean, which has left a deposit of sand, and it requires large 

 quantities of manure to become fruitful. Then, it will cost from 

 forty to seventy dollars an acre to get out the scrub oaks. Much 

 labor, capital and time are required to make the radical change 

 which the soil requires. 



Mr. Chapman, Manchester, N. J. — The trouble seems to be, 

 that men living in the city, having got a little money together, 

 have gone to Vineland, and not understanding what it is to clear 

 land, they hired work done and got cheated, and they have not 

 mone}^ enough to do this and to buy manure, which is necessary 

 to correct the poison in the soil. Lime must be applied to 

 neutralize the poison in the soil, which is injurious to vegeta- 

 tion. Manure is also essential to the production of crops of any 

 kind. When the soil there is correctly managed beautiful crops 

 are produced. A man with limited means never should go there. 



Mr. N. C. Meeker. — Last fall, the American Institute, in these 

 rooms, awarded the highest premium to Vineland fruit. Their 

 corn and vegetables were very fine. But there is one thing I do 

 not understand. I am well acquainted with new land, and I 

 understand that if good crops cannot be got the first few seasons, 

 it is a hopeless case. Land grows poorer and poorer with each 

 crop, and finally manure has to be used. But here, farming com- 

 mences backward. The first thino^ after clearino- land is to 

 manure it. I am not used to this style of business. A few words 

 regarding the remarks of Mr. Dodge. My opinion is tiiat land 



