430 



TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



them the gaseous state, I represent it by a horizontal line connect- 

 ing the lower ends of the lines, denoting nitrogen and oxygen in 

 fig. 1, and contracting the whole, an atom of carbon is shown by 



the following symbol] 



Q 



The fourth ick sides of this figure, thus, I i represents the four 



grand organic elements. Projections from each side will denote 

 the number of atoms of each element in a symbolized chemical 

 body. 



The following symbols represent some of the most important 

 compounds of the non-metallic class : 



elat, as steam gelat. 



Water H^O 



Q 



Oxygenated water H 

 Carbonic oxide gas CO 

 Carbonic acid gas CO„ 



Ammonia H N 



Nitric acid HNO„ 



Prussic acid, HCN 4 alarn. 



The large class of hydrocarbons are represented by various 



for instance. 



Q 



elat. 

 gart. 



garet. 

 gilan. 

 alanit. 



O 



garol. 



projections in the following figure 



Marsh gas, or light carburetted hydrogen, CH 



Similar contractions are applied to that portion of the main 

 diagram representing all the metals, thus 



* 



The five metals of the alkalies, lithium, sodium, potas- 

 sium, rubidium, and coesium, are symbolized by a star, having 



five points. 



^ 



