288 



GLEANINGS EST BEE CULTURE 



MayI 



GRAPEVINE TKELLIS FOR SHADE. 



the early part of July, and continues in 

 bloom for about three weeks, having a small 

 white drooping flower. It is a very good 

 yiekler of extra white honey which is of a 

 very thin nature, and does not granulate to 

 any extent. On account of the favorable 

 weather when it blooms it is one of the surest 

 sources of honey where it abounds; and also 

 on account of the trees being small and the 

 wood of little value it is not liable to be cut 

 off as close as whitewood and basswood. 

 The honey has a somewhat stronger flavor 

 than that from basswood, but is considered 

 here as ^■ery fair honey, and always sells for 

 a good price, as it is as white as or whiter 

 than that from basswood. 

 Stonecoal, W. Va., Feb. 14. 



GRAPEVINES FOR SHADE. 



BY W. M. O NEELi. 



My apiary is located under a grapevine 

 trellis for shade, as shown in the engraving. 

 The posts of the trellis are set 8 ft. apart each 

 way, boards lj< inches thick and 8 inches 

 wide being nailed on each line of jmsts, and 

 crossing each other at right angles by means 

 of notches at the jiost. These ]iroject 30 

 inches on all four sides; 12 inches horn both 

 sides of each board is a galvanized wire, and 

 on these wires and boards the vines are 

 trained, leaving an ojien si)ace for the flight 

 of the bees between each four i)osts. This 

 sjiace, about o feet square, also lets in plenty 

 of light and air. 



This plan affords a good open shade, which 

 is much better than the dense shade of the 



apple-tree at one side, which is too dense 

 on damp or cool days. The grapes pay me 

 well for the expense and trouble. While 

 the grapes were getting a start, the Kudzo 

 vine, the flowering bean, and the tender 

 moonvine gave excellent shade temporarily. 



CONCRETE FOUNDATION AND AXIGHTING- 

 BOARD. 



The other engraving shows a close view of 

 one of my hives under the trellis. This hive 

 rests on a concrete slab for a foundation, 

 which I find cheaj) and serviceable. These 

 slabs are made with a hinged mold, and are 

 two inches thick. They are half an inch nar- 

 rower than the bottom-board and six inches 

 longer, the extra length being tapered down 

 to a thickness of half an ineh at the front 

 end, making an excellent alighting-board. 

 When these slabs are leveled on good solid 

 ground they stay in place, and do not sink 

 down nor get out of level. They are reinforc- 

 ed both ways with old barbed wire. The ex- 

 pense was not over 15 cts. each, including 

 my time for making. 



Dupont, Ind. 



A VISIT WITH HAWAIIAN BEE-KEEPERS. 



BY E. F. PHILLIPS. 



It was the writer's privilege during the 

 winter of 1908 to visit the Territory of Hawaii 

 and to meet the bee-keepers of the islands. 

 These islands, which form one of our out- 

 l)osts, are, from a bee-keeping point of view, 

 of exceptional interest. The methods of 

 management, the honey sources, and the 

 tropical conditions under which the work is 



