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NEW pear is being brought before the public by Messrs. Augus- 

 tine & Co., of Normal, 111., who kindly send us the accompanying 

 photogravures of the fruit and of the tree. Fig. 936 shows a plate 

 of the fruit, which the introducers state is only one-third natural 

 size. It is claimed for the fruit that it is excellent in quality, seed 

 less, uniform in shape and size, and not subject to insects. 

 I'ig' 937 shows the original Sudduth pear tree which is now seventy- five 

 years of age, about 75 feet high, and ten feet in circumference. This is to show 

 the remarkable size and age which the tree attains. The apple trees alongside 

 are Rawle's Janet, forty years old. 



Planting the Blackberry, — The plants are usually set in a furrow six or 

 seven inches deep, and if the land is thin, stable manure may be scattered in the 

 furrow. For all the ordinary large-growing varieties, eight feet between rows is 

 enough. This allows of easy cultivation. For myself I like them far enough 

 apart to admit two horses in cultivating, as shown in the picture in our plantation, 

 on the title-page. Two horses and a spring-tooth cultivator are the most efficient 

 means which I have yet found of keeping a blackberry plantation in condition. 

 In large plantations, it is well to leave out a row occasionally, to allow of a 

 roadway. In the row, the plants are set from two to three feet apart. They 

 will soon spread and fill the row. There are some growers who prefer to set the 

 plants six or seven feet apart in the row in order to cultivate both ways, but this 

 is profitable only where it is possible to give extra attention to tillage and prun- 

 ing for the purpose of producing fine dessert fruit. 



The year the plants are set, potatoes or other crops may be grown between 

 the rows, and the yield should be sufficient to pay for the use of the land Some 

 growers plant strawberries, not only between the rows but sometimes in the row 

 between the plants ; and it is possible, by good cultivation, to obtain two good 

 crops of strawberries before the blackberries smother them. 



Three or four canes may be allowed to grow the first year if the plants put 

 out vigorously, and these will bear some fruit the following year. As soon as 

 the canes have reached a height of two or three feet they should be headed 

 back. — Cornell B. 99. 



The looser the ground is kept for the first, and indeed for several succeed- 

 ing years, the more certain and more vigorous will be the growth of the orchard 

 — in the luxuriance and color of the foliage of contiguous plantations, I have 

 found every stage of cultivation strongly marked ; these orchards which have 

 been two years under cultivation, exhibit a striking superiority over those which 

 have been but one year under the plow ; while these, in turn, surpass the fields 

 in clover or in grain, both in the quantity and size of the fruit. — William Coxe. 

 A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees, 18 17. 



