l82 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURISZ 



Fig. 2052. 



copper sulphate, one pound to twenty-five 

 gallons of water to destroy the germs of 

 scab and rot. Some growers prefer to use 

 the Bordeaux even for this first application, 

 because it does not wash off so quickly as 

 the copper sulphate solution. 



One thing is sure, that the man who 

 treats his trees thoroughly succeeds. J. W. 

 Brennan, with fifteen acres of orchard, does 

 his work thoroughly, and such Spys we 

 never saw. Scarcely a worm, no scab, mag- 

 nificent fruit — some of which has gone for- 

 ward to the Paris and the Buffalo exposi- 

 tion and the rest was sold in Ottawa at top 

 prices. Some of those Spys brought in our 

 home markets over$i a bushel last autumn. 

 But when one has one hundred acres to 

 spray several times thoroughly, he is apt to 

 shirk his job. 



Some of our Horticultural Societies have 

 struck a splendid plan. The society pur- 

 chases a large pump, which is worked by a 

 gasoline engine, a man is employed to run it, 



and each pays into the funds so many cents 

 per tree for having them treated. Some 

 such co-operative plan would be a grand 

 solution of this question, for the job is 

 nasty, and most would rather pay than 

 spray. 



Crowfi Grafting. — In the case of large 

 trees, where the ordinary cleft grafting seem.s 

 unsuitable, some have successfully tried 

 crown grafting, as shown in the accompany- 

 ing illustration. The branch is sawn square 

 off as shown at (a). The wood is not splits 

 but clean slits are made down the bark as if 

 for budding, and in these the scion (b) is in- 

 serted, one in each slit, as shown at (c). 

 Grafting wax is not needed, but a band of 

 thick paper is wound about the graft, leav- 

 ing it to project about an inch above the 

 wood, as shown in (d). It is then secured 

 with a strong twine, and the cup so formed 

 is filled with mud, which protects the cut 

 until it is partially healed. This method of 

 grafting is very simple, and usually suc- 

 ceeds. 



Grapes. — The tying should be completed 

 at once, if not already done, and the vine- 

 yard cleaned up for cultivation. 



Grape thinning is somewhat practiced in 

 England for such kinds as Lady Downes> 

 Gros Colmar, etc., but we question if it 

 would pay us in our vineyards. The work 

 is done there when the fruit is about the 

 size of No. I shot, and when done a bunch 

 of grapes should have even sized berries 

 that will form a compact cluster, close 

 enough to retain its form when cut and ^" 

 laid on the dish or stand. If they 

 fall about and show the stalk it is over- 

 thinned ; if they force each other out of 

 place it is underthinned. They always be- 

 gin at the point and work upwards, steady- 

 ing the bunch with a small peg or stick, re- 

 moving the smallest and plenty of the inside 

 berries first. 



For a gentleman's garden no doubt this 

 would be practicable, but scarcely in a com- 

 mercial vinevard. 



