THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 141 



coulter, after tlie fruit is all gathered, near the rows ; run about two 

 inches deep and cut off all the runners, then run the harrow over to 

 level the earth back and pull out the runners. In this way the vines 

 may be kept in a narrow strip, and yet allowed to renew tliemselves, 

 so as to keep the same bed for several years. Prune raspberries by 

 cutting out the okl canes, and with the cultivator keep down the suckers. 



r. Edwards, Peterboro', prunes his apple trees in the spring, and 

 grape vines in the fall. Pear trees do not yield him any fruit ; this 

 year they blossomed well, but all the fruit fell off. Has not been able 

 by any method of pruning to save his gooseberries; most of them 

 mildew very badly. 



A. E. Hayter, Millbrook, said that he had between thirty and forty 

 grape vines ; that he let them run over the ground as they would, 

 without any pruning at all. In this way he had succeeded in raising 

 good crops of grapes, and well ripened, while those trained on trellises 

 were cut off by the autumnal frosts. He kept the surface of the 

 ground clean, and sprinkled it liberally with ashes. 



Chas. Arnold, Paris, used to prune his currants to a single stem, 

 but now he does not prune them any more than to take off what 

 cuttings he wants. In pruning his apple trees he adapts his method 

 to the habit of growth of the variety. The Spy naturally grows like 

 the Lombardy Poplar tree, and needs to be opened out. The Greening, 

 on the other hand, is naturally spreading, and requires pruning in a 

 different way. Considers June and July the best time for pruning, 

 and November and February the worst. The wounded surfaces, if 

 exposed to the severe cold of our winters, cause the tree to suffer. If 

 large branches must be removed would certainly take them off in June, 

 when they will heal over quickly. But very little pruning is needed 

 for plum, cheiTy or peach trees. Black raspberries should have their 

 canes pinched in, else the fruit will be small. Rogers' grapes should 

 not be severely pruned, they are naturally j^impant growers, and 

 should be allowed considerable space. AVould prune grape vines in 

 November. He prunes his strawberry vines much after the manner 

 described by Mr. Dempsey, not relying upon the old stool only, but 

 adding to it some young vines. 



James Stephenson, Peterboro', treats all his grape vines alike : 

 pruning to two leaders, growing them on a trellis, and in the fall 

 laying them down and covering them with Cedar boughs or with earth. 



