February, 1922. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



39 



I CROPS and MARKETS | 

 A Fruit Tree Census 



THE need for having an accurate census 

 of the fruit trees in the Niagara Pen- 

 insula was pointed out hy T. J. 

 Mahony, general manager of Niagara Pen- 

 insular Growers, Ltd., at the meeting of the 

 Exiierimental Union held in Guelph, Jan. 

 10th to 12th. Mr. Mahony stated that one of 

 the greatest difficulties the N. P. G., Ltd., 

 had to contend with last year was the re- 

 ceipt of unexpectedly large quantities of 

 fruit late in the afternoons of shipping 

 days. Enquiries were always made ahead 

 as to the quantities of fruit the growers 

 expected to deliver and sales were made 

 by telegraph and telephone on the basis of 

 these reports and arrangements were made 

 for the shipment of the fruit. Very fre- 

 quently it happened that much larger quan- 

 tities of fruit were received than had been 

 expected, with the result that it was then 

 often difficult to find an immediate market 

 for it or to have it shipped as promptly as it 

 might have been. 



Mr. Mahony pointed out that in parts of 

 British Columbia and in California the 

 growers' organizations have complete re- 

 cords of all the trees in the orchards of the 

 district, showing their age, variety and 

 bearing condition. These are kept up-to- 

 date each year. This makes it possible for 

 the fruit growers' associations to estimate, 

 much more accurately than could otherwise 

 be done, the quantity of fruit of the differ- 

 ent varieties that is likely to be delivered 

 throughout the season. He pointed out that 

 the buyers always endeavor to make it ap- 

 pear that the quantity of fruit that will 'be 

 offered for sale will be very large in order 

 thajt they may beat down the prices. In 

 the Niagara District they were led to be- 

 lieve on one occasion, by the dealers, that 

 some 15,000 tons of grapes were likely to 

 be delivered during a certain season. When 

 however, they investigated the situation for 

 themselves they found that the production 

 was not likely to exceed 4,000 tons. This 

 was due to many vineyards having been 

 neglected, to the number of growers not 

 being as large as reported and to other 

 similar reasons. By keeping a fruit census 

 the growers would know accurately what 

 the real conditions were. 



United States Containers 



To eliminate fraud in the marketing of 

 fruits and vegetables by the substi- 

 tution of short-measure packages at 

 full-measure prices is one of the principal 

 objects of specialists of the United States 

 Department of Agriculture now making a 

 study of the hundreds of different types of 

 containers in use. For example, baskets 

 which contain seven-eighths of a bushel 

 are frequently used, as bushel baskets, it 

 being difficult to detect the short measure 

 In Farmers' Bulletin 1196 from the bureau 

 of markets, the specialists discuss the need 

 for standard containers for fruits and 

 vegetables and describe how the public Is 

 sometimes defrauded because of the many 

 types and sizes of containers now in use 

 As a number of Important recommenda- 

 tions have been made by the investiga- 

 tors, Canadian shippers, who are inter- 

 ested in American markets, will find them 

 suggestive. 



Since the passage of the United States 

 standard barrel law, in 1915, there has 



Irises, Peonies and Gladioli 



The Flowers ihat Bloom from April until October 



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SMALL FRUIT PLANTS 



Gooseberries — Josselyn, Downing, Houghton. 

 Currants— Perfection, Pay, Buby, Cherry, Boskoop, 

 Giant, Lee's Prolific, Champion, Victoria. Naples. 

 Raspberries— Herbert, Plum Farmer, Shaffer's Col- 

 ossal, Columbia, Cuthbert. 

 Asparagus and Rhubarb Roots. 



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