March, 1922. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



75 



apples In competitive exhibits is evidence 

 that, so far as quality is concerned, the 

 apple from this province has , nothing to 

 fear from competition if properly marketed. 

 The proposed grants, of course, would be 

 limited to co-operative organizations, either 

 to growers' associations or xo local groups 

 of growers organized to handle their own 

 crop. 



At the Port of Toronto 



WHILE tonnage of almost all commodi- 

 ties entering the port of Toronto by 

 water in 1921 showed a decided 

 falling off, in no case was this more notice- 

 able than in that of fruit, which in 1921 

 amounted to only 3,013 tons, as compared 

 ■with 8,204 tons in 1920. These receipts 

 compiled by the harbor master show a re- 

 flection of the receipts of fruit at Toronto 

 by all methods of transportation, also of 

 the comparative bulk of the fruit crop 

 throughout the province in the two sea- 

 sons considered. So far as water-borne re- 

 ceipts at Toronto are concerned, the tender 

 fruits from Niagara district are almost 

 entirely responsible for the tonnage. 



Another feature of the most recent re- 

 port by the Toronto harbor master is 

 with regard to the water levels. These, 

 when compared with levels of recent 

 years, seem to bear out the recollection 

 of the majority of the farmers and fruit 

 growers in Western Ontario as regards the 

 comparative dryness of the seasons. With 

 zero datum for water at Toronto 245 inches 

 above New York sea level, Toronto water 

 levels in 1920 showed plus 29^^ inches at 

 high water, and minus 4 inches at low 

 water, as compared with plus 24% inches 

 at higl^ water, and minus 3% inches at low 

 water in 1921. High level in 1920 was 27% 

 inches lower than in 1919, and low level In 

 1920 was 8% inches lower than in 1919.. In 

 all, this indicates a decided lowering of the 

 mean water level in the three years. 



Sapiro on Go-operation 



ON March 6, at St. Catharines and Hamil- 

 ton, large audiences of fruit growers 

 heard Aaron Sapiro, the guiding genius 

 of the great farm commodity marketing 

 associations of the American Pacific slope, 

 tell of the success of co-operative market- 

 ing in California and suggest means where- 

 by a similar success might be achieved in 

 the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario. At both 

 meetings, Mr. Sapiro was dccompanied by 

 Hon. Manning Doherty, Minister of Agricul- 

 ture. 



At the St. Catharines meeting in the 

 afternoon, Hon. Manning Doherty, in intro- 

 ducing the speaker, stressed the need for 

 co-operation among the farmers of this prov- 

 ince. Mr. Sapiro, in the course of his ad- 

 dress, said that the first thing that they 

 learned in California was that the associa- 

 tion must have control of the grades. "You 

 riD set people to eat an article once, by ad- 

 rrtislng," he said, "but after that you must 

 ive quality plus advertising. The grading 

 lust be done by outsiders and the growers 

 lUst be penalized for low and rewarded 

 or high gradings." A good package was 

 nother essential. "Watch the quality," he 

 Mutinued, "then pack and extend the 

 markets; see what the market can absorb 

 t a fair price, and then get the people to 

 it the product. 



"You don't advertise enough in this coun- 

 try. Your peaches are better than the Cali- 

 lOrnia peaches, but you cannot get the 

 ii:ov\e. of the United Stages to believe that, 

 because we advertise, x 

 "Make your association a non-profit 



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