September, 1922 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



19T 



house is told in Bulletin 7 of the Dominion De- 

 partment of Agriculture, entitled "Insects 

 Affecting Greenhouse Plants," by Arthur 

 Gibson and W. A. Ross. Methods for the ap- 

 plication of insecticides and for fumigation by 

 hydrocyanic-acid gas and tobacco are set forth. 

 There are three kinds of greenhouse insects; 

 namely leaf-eating, sucking, and boring or root 

 destroying. There are in addition what are 

 known as animal pests, such as various sorts of 

 mites, bugs, slugs, and earthworms. There are 

 also predacious enemies and internal parasites, 

 which are nature's aid towards control. The 

 bulletin is profusely illustrated, and the te.Kt 

 and directions are in plain language. As showing 

 the extent of greenhouse cultivation, it is stated 

 that the estimated value of such crops in Canada 

 is upwards of $3,000,000 and that these crops 

 occupy 6,000,000 square feet of space imder 

 glass. 



An Experiment Suggested 



THE problem of getting the Northern Spy 

 to tlie British market in satisfactory con- 

 dition remains still unsolved, and ship- 

 ments continue to come forward which sell at 

 from half to two-thirds of the value of sound 

 fruit. As this variety is one of the most highly 

 appreciated on the market, and as the loss per 

 barrel, compared with possible returns for fruit 

 in good condition, not infrequently runs from 15s. 



to 20. per barrel, it would appear that there is a 

 strong case for systematic experiment to deter- 

 mine a more desirable method of shipping. 

 One possible solution, of course, is the bo.x pack, 

 but not only is it scarcely feasible for packers 

 shipping almost entirely in barrels to make 

 special arrangements for box-packing Spys, but 

 the Spy hardly lends itself to box-packing for 

 this market, on account of its large size. 



It is suggested that an interesting com- 

 mercial experiment for the next season would be 

 to pack Spys, iMcIntosh Red, or any other 

 high-class soft varieties, in barrels in a special 

 way — i.e., with corrugated paper pads between 

 each layer of apples, carefully packed in as when 

 barrels are headed and tailed. 



This idea is suggested by the remarkable 

 success of New Brunswick in packing the apples 

 in this way for their Government exhibit in 

 connection with the Imperial Fruit Show. 

 Canadian representatives in this country were 

 amazed when they received a cable announcing 

 that apples for exhibition purposes were coming 

 barrel-packed, and felt that a great mistake had 

 been made by the senders. However, the ex- 

 periment was fully justified bj' the result. The 

 apples, which included a considerable proportion 

 of the soft variety, Mcintosh Red, arrived i^ 

 perfect condition, without a bruise mark, and 

 when 'displayed on the stand were among the 

 best shown. 



Extra labor and extra cost in packing would, 

 of course, be involved, but such extra cost could 

 not conceivably be as much as is now regularly 

 lost on a large proportion of shipments, on 

 account of condition on arrival, and if it is proved 

 that apples so packed can be landed sound, in a 

 commercial way, it is quite certain that the in- 

 creased values received would much more than 

 compensate for all extra trouble taken. 



Nova Scotia Gravensteins are another yariety 

 in connection with which it would be interesting 

 to try out such an experiment. Gravensteins, as 

 generally sold on this market, are always lacking 

 in color, as they cannot safely be allowed to 

 color if they are to be conveyed in the ordinary 

 pack. The high prices received for well-colored 

 California Gravensteins in boxes are an indica- 

 tion of possibilities in this connection. — J. 

 Forsythe Smith, Fruit Trade Commissioner, 

 Liverpool. 



Apples East of Toronto 



APPLE orchards along the Lake Ontario 

 front and particularly in that section of 

 the front I etween Brighton and Whitby, 

 havj not yet recovered, as a whole, from the lack 

 of attention and one or two exceptionally trying 

 easons which occurred during the war, says 

 Trenton Advertiser; and, while possibly a third 

 are in better condition than ever before, the 



Iss^xed. by t;l\e DonalTvioirx Depa-ytimettt of ^^g^^cultiige | 



NOTE: This is the second of a series of monthly bulletins to 

 give timely information of value to farmers 



Beware Corn Borers 



The European Com Borer 

 has infested thousands of 

 acres in Western Ontario. To 

 control, cut com soon as 

 ready close to the ground. 

 Plough corn stubble deep in 

 the fall and burn all dry 

 fodder left over in the spring. 



Contagious Diseases of 

 Animals 



Every owner of animals 

 and every breeder of or 

 dealer of animals, and every- 

 one bringing animals into 

 Canada shall, on perceiving 

 the appearance of infectious 

 or contagious disease among 

 the animals give immediate 

 notice to the Minister of 

 Agriculture and to the near- 



est Veterinary Inspector of 

 the Department of Agri- 

 culture. 



Eat More Canadian Fruit 



Canada grows large crops of 

 the finest fruits and Canadian 

 fruits have always received the 

 highest awards wherever exhibit- 

 ed. Don't purchase foreign-grown 

 fruit, when Canadian-grown fruit 

 is far better. This year there is 

 an abundance of Canadian fruit. 



Demand and accept only Cana- 

 dian-grown Fruit. 



Winter Finishing of Steers 



Twenty-five years of experi- 

 mental work on winter finishing 

 of steers, carried on by The Do- 

 minion Experimental B'arms, has 

 derived information that will be 

 of exceptional value to farmers. 

 These experiments show that the 

 selling of farm-grown feeds as 

 finished beef gives a much greater 

 return than if sold as cash crops. 

 That with proper management the 

 winter finishing of steers is highly 

 profitable. Finished steers com- 

 mand top prices. 



Valuable pamphlets on this sub- 

 ject will be sent free if you 



write the Dominion Experimental 

 Farm nearest you. 



Co-operative Shipping of 

 Live Stock. 



Co-operative shipping always 

 nets full marlfet value for each 

 grade when marketed. Sale ac- 

 cording to grade improves the 

 breed and results in higher aver- 

 age prices. In Grey County, On- 

 tario, where improvement propa- 

 ganda in sheep was . undertaken 

 the first shipment of extra choice 

 lambs brought $13.50 per hundred- 

 weight. On the same day best 

 lambs from other districts brought 

 only $11.50 per hundredweight. 

 Good breeding and finishing will 

 bring the best prices. 



New Publications. 



The Control of the European 

 Com Borer. 



Preservation of Fruits and Vege- 

 tables. 



Care of Rams and Ewes in 

 Breeding Season. 



Advantages of Dipping. 



Winter Finishing of Steers. 



List of Available Publications. 



The above publications are sent 

 free on request to: — 



Publications Branch 



Dominion Department of Agriculture 



Ottawa 



