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LABORATORY MANUAL OF ANTHROPOMETRY 



facial. It is measured in an oriented skull with the stationary gonio- 

 meter, the two points of the instrument resting on nasion and naso- 

 spinale. This latter point is determined by drawing a line across the 

 lower border of the nasal aperture, tangent to the two lateral curves at 

 their lowest points, and taking the point in this line where it crosses the 

 median line. This nasio-nasospinale line is nearly as long as the one 

 used in the previous case (nasion-prosthion), so that in practice the same 



Fig. 27.- — Diagram illustrating cranial angles, 

 n-fr, plane used in measuring the metopic angle, 

 fr n-i, frontal angle of Schwalbe. 



b-n-i, frontal inclination angle (bregma angle of Schwalbe). 

 1-i-n, occipital inclination angle (lambda angle of Schwalbe). 

 n-ba-pr, superior facial length angle. 

 11 lia-pr (as a triangle), superior facial triangle. 

 n li 1 ha, cranial quadrilateral. 



classification has been used, with the same values; it has the obvious 

 advantage of eliminating all uncertainty concerning the often poorly 

 defined alveolar border, especially when it is brought forward because 

 of projecting teeth (alveolar prognathism), and thus exaggerates the 

 prognathism of the skull as a whole. Should this angle be actually 



