osteometry; the measurement of the bones 113 



ii. indices 



1. Breadth-height index {I ■ 2) max. pelvic height X 100 



cristal breadth 



2. Breadth-depth index (3 : 2) ™x. pelvic depth (dorso-ventral) X 100 



cristal breadth 



3. External conjugate index (4 : 2) con J u g ata externa X J00 



cristal breadth 



This index requires the presence of the fifth lunbar vertebra, and 

 is therefore seldom possible. Its value consists mainly in its close corres- 

 pondence to the same index on the living which is here one of the most 

 important of the pelvic measurements. As the difference of this index 

 in skeleton and in the living consists mainly in the addition of two thick- 

 nesses of integument to each measure, plus a slight reinforcement of 

 fat added to the longer of the two, the proportions are kept almost exactly 

 and there is probably less disparity in the index between the two con- 

 ditions than in the length-breadth index of the head. 



4. Pelvic brim index (8:10) uPP^^^^ico^^ 



•upper transverse diameter 



As classified by Turner* (1886) this index is divided into three groups: 



brachypellic below 90 

 mesopellic 90-95 



dolichopellic 95 + 



Male Australians, Hottentots, and Andaman Islanders, are dolicho- 

 pellic; male negroes are mesopellic; and male Europeans, Hindus, 

 Chinese, and American Indians are platypellic. The females are gener- 

 ally broader than their respective males, but in the South American 

 Indians the males are platypellic and the females mesopellic (Turner). 



5. Coxal index (17 : 14) ^adjth^oniium^OOO 



max. length of os coxae 



6. Iliac index (17 : 16) ^th of iliunQ OOO 



length (height) of ilium 



7. Pubic index (18 : 17) P^eng^XJOO 



breadth of ilium 



8. Ischiadic index (19 : 14) Leng^oMscWuEOOOO 



max. length of os coxae 



9. Obturator index (24 : 23) t i^H s Z^^^i^forame i O^^^ 



vertical diam. of foramen 



* In Turner's original paper the middle group was called mesatipellic, as was then 

 usual. The three classes were presented also in the reverse order. These have 

 both been modified here to correspond to the general plan of the book. Turner also 

 suggested, as alternate terms with the ones favored, those with the suffix-^amc, 

 instead of -pellic. 



