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LABORATORY MANUAL OF ANTHROPOMETRY 



be taken, about 4 cm. proximal to the line delimiting the articular 

 surface. Cr. 



19. Medio-lateral diameter of the shaft just above the condyles. This 

 is to be taken at the same transverse level as No. 18, and should be at 

 right angles with it. Cr. 



20. Greatest medio-lateral breadth across the epico?idyles; this is the 

 greatest medio-lateral breadth of the lower end of the bone, and is 

 ascertained by trial. It should be strictly lateral, and not passed ob- 

 liquely from a ventral portion of one condyle to a dorsal portion of the 

 other. OB; perhaps also SC or RC. 



*21. Greatest dorso-ventral length of the lateral condyle; taken with the 

 SC across the bone, at right angles to the axis. SC. 



*22. Greatest dorso-ventral length of the medial condyle; taken in the 

 same way as the preceding. SC. 



* The significance of these last two measurements has been brought out in the 

 comparison of the distal end of the femur in modern man and in the Neandertal 

 species, as in the latter the lateral condyle is distinctly longer (deeper) than the 

 medial one, while in the modern type the two are about equal. Thus, comparing 

 the two although with a very few individuals concerned, we have the following: 



Name of race 



Average of 25 modern femora; various races 



European, No. 1 



European, No. 2 



Negrito : 



Neandertal (right) 



Neandertal (left) 



Spy 1 (right) 



Again, by comparing the length of the lateral condyle (Measurement No. 21) 

 with the length of the entire bone (here the trochanteric length, Measurement No. 3), 

 the excessive length of the condyle in the Neandertals becomes at once apparent, 

 thus: 



Name of race 



Trochanteric 

 length 



Length of lat- 

 eral condyle 



Negrito 



Fuegians (8; 



Veddah 



Europeans (3) 



Neandertal (right; 

 Neandertal (left) . . 

 Spy I (right) 



390 

 406.4 

 425 

 443.3 



423 

 425 

 410 (approx.) 



53 



61.2 



60 



64 



70 



71 



72 



