138 LABORATORY MANUAL OF ANTHROPOMETRY 



articulation with the navicular bone. This axis (ac) makes an important 

 angle with the sagittal axis, the angle of the collum (acS). Oriented in 

 this way the talus presents the usual six aspects, or norms, of which the 

 most important are (1) the norma trochlearis, (Fig. 33); (2) the norma 

 basilaris, which is in contact with the calcaneus (Fig. 39) ; and (3) the 

 norma frontalis, or distalis, in contact with the naviculare (Fig. 40). 



I. MEASUREMENTS 



1 . Length; greatest length obtainable between the bottom of the sulcus 

 for the tendon of Flexor hallucis longus and the fuithest point on the sur- 

 face of the navicular head; the line ab in Fig. 39. SC or Cr. 



2. Breadth; from the furthest lateral point of the lateral process, in 

 the transverse axis, to the opposite side (Te in Fig. 39). SC or Cr. 



3. Height; the distance of the highest point in the trochlear groove 

 from the table on which the bone rests (cd in Fig. 40). This measure- 

 ment is best taken by holding the bone upon a glass plate of known thick- 

 ness, say one millimeter, measuring the distance from the upper point 

 through to the lower surface of the glass plate, and then subtracting the 

 thickness of the glass. SC or Cr. 



4. Length of the trochlea; measured with the slide compass along the 

 sagittal axis, between the borders of the articular surface. SC. 



5. Breadth of the trochlea; measured with the slide compass along the 

 transverse axis, between the borders of the articular surface. SC. 



6. Length of the head (caput tali); total length of the articular sur- 

 face covering the head, using as termini the ends of the longitudinal axis 

 of this surface. SC. 



7. Breadth of the head (caput tali) ; total breadth of this surface, taken 

 at right angles to the above. SC. 



8. Length of the posterior articular surf ace for the calcaneus (ah in Fig. 

 39); taken along the longitudinal axis of this surface SC. 



9. Breadth of the posterior articular surface for the calcaneus (cd in 

 Fig. 39); taken at right angles to the previous measurement. SC. 



1. Length-breadth index (2 : 1) 



2. Length-height index (3:1) 



3. Trocheal length index (4:1) 



II. INDICES 



breadth of the bone X 100 



length of the bone 

 height of the bone X 100 



length of the bone 



length of trochlea X 100 



length of the bone 



4. Length-breadth index of posterior calcanear articulation (9 : 8) 



breadth of the post, calcan. artic. X 100 



length of the same 



. T ., , ,., . , , J7 , , ,_ „. breadth of the head X 100 

 o. Length brcotllh index of the head (7 : o) , — rrr ,■ ,, , — ; — 



length of the head 



