12 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



In dealing with Austria-Hungary it is necessary to take the 

 two portions of the Empire separately. The central governing 

 body of Austria is the Reichrath, but the separate Austrian 

 Provinces have their own Diets (Landtage) with local legislative 

 powers. The local laws in force for the protection of birds have 

 not undergone much change recently, and these laws are so 

 numerous that for present purposes we must rest content with a 

 reproduction of an extract from the Report on European legisla- 

 tion which was presented to the Ornithological Congress at 

 Budapest in 1891 by Professor Liebe and Herr von Wangelin : — 



I. In Istria, Dalmatia, the seaboard and the Tyrol, the destruc- 

 tion of nests and taking of eggs is forbidden, but in autumn and 

 winter bird-taking is permitted by hcense. Parishes have a 

 monopoly in the taking of birds, and impose a tax which ranges 

 from two to nine florins. 



II. In Bukovina, Gorz, Gradiska, Carniola or Krain, Moravia, 

 Silesia, Vorarlberg and Upper Austria, the laws forbid the destruc- 

 tion of nests, and distinguish between the useful and noxious 

 birds. Bird-catching is conditional on producing a hcense. 



III. In Bohemia, Galicia, Carinthia or Karnthen, Salzburg, 

 Stjn^ia and Lower Austria, the laws forbid the taking of useful 

 birds, which are scheduled, and the taking of other species is 

 restricted.* 



The chief laws are those of Bohemia of 1870 and 1882t ; 

 Dalmatia, 1874 and 1895$ ; Gorz-Gradisca, 1870, 1890 and 1892§ ; 

 Carinthia or Karnthen, 1870, 1883 and 1908|| ; Lower Austria, 

 1899 and 1908^ ; Upper Austria, 1890** ; Salzburg, 1888 and 

 1899tt ; Tyrol, 1899Jt ; and Trieste, 1892§§. It is clear from 



* The above extract is taken from Herman's work on the Convention of 



1902. 

 + Gesetz, 30th April, 1870; L. G. BL, No. 39; and 9th January, 1882; 



L. G. Bl., No. 9. 

 t 20th January, 1874, L. G. BL, No. 5 ; and 14th January, 1895, L. G. BL, 



No. 6. 

 § 30th ApriL 1870. L. G. BL, No. 37 ; 21st November, 1890, L. G. BL, 



No. 9 ; and 11th September, 1892, L. G. BL, No. 26. 

 II 30th November. 1870, L. G. BL, No. 54 ; 28th March, 1883, L. G. BL, 



No. 11 ; and 12th ApriL 1908, L. G. BL, No. 10. 

 T[ 28th August, 1899, L. G. BL, No. 27 ; and 10th March, 1908, L. G. BL, 



No. 42. 

 ** 6th February, 1890, L. G. BL, No. 6. 

 tt 31st July, 1888, L. G. BL, No. 29 ; and 26th August, 1899, L. G. BL, 



No. 20. 

 tj 18th Jime, 1899, L. G. BL, No. 34. 

 §§ 28th August, 1892, L. G. BL, No. 25. 



