183 



principal ones or from the roots, so as to have fibres to them, and 

 planted out in February or the two following months in beds of good 

 mould to a good depth, readily take root and become good plants 

 before the end of the summer; at which time, or in the following 

 spring, they may be removed with good balls of earth about their 

 roots, to the places where they are to flower. 



Cuttings made from the firm shoots of the same year at the joints, 

 to the length of three or four inches, when planted pretty deeply in a 

 bed of very fine mould, or in large pots at the distance of an inch or 

 two, and well watered at the time, readily grow and become plants 

 after being transplanted into separate pots, or the borders where they 

 are to flower. 



Pipings made by drawing out or breaking off the top parts of the 

 young shoots at the joints and trimming them, by which a sort of 

 pipe is formed, on being planted and managed in the same manner, 

 take root and afford plants. 



In both these last methods the rooting of the shoots is greatly 

 promoted by their being closely covered by bell, hand, or other sorts 

 of glasses, and having frequent slight waterings given round the sides 

 of -them. 



The seed of the different best sorts should be collected in the pods 

 in August or the following month when perfectly ripened, choosing 

 a dry season for the purpose, spreading them out to harden and be- 

 come dry on paper or in some other manner, after which it should 

 be rubbed out and kept in some dry situation till it is wanted. 



All the different species and varieties of these plants are highly 

 ornamental, and many of them curious, affording an extremely fra- 

 grant smell. 



The first sort in all the varieties may be made use^f in the bord- 

 ers, clumps, and other places, where they produce a fine effect by 

 the variety of their flowers in assemblage with others of similar 

 growth. 



A few of the double more curious kinds may also be cultivated 

 in pots for adorning the more conspicuous places about the house. 



The second species and all the different varieties of the Carnation 



