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3. MONARDA DIDYMA. 



SCARLET MONARDA, 



THIS genus contains plants of the fibrous-rooted herbaceoi. 

 flowery biennial and perennial kinds. 



It belongs to the class and order Diandria Monogynia, and ranks 

 in the natural order of Verticillata. 



The characters are: that the calyx is a one-leafed tubular peri- 

 anthium, cylindric, striated, with a five-toothed equal mouth, per- 

 manent: the corolla unequal: tube cylindric, longer than the calyx: 

 border ringent: upper lip straight, narrow, linear, entire; lower lip 

 reflex, broader, trifid; middle segment longer, narrower, emarginate; 

 lateral blunt: the stamina have two bristle-shaped filaments, the 

 length of the upper lip, in which they are involved: anthers com- 

 pressed, truncate at top, convex below, erect: the pistillum is a 

 four-cleft germ: style filiform, involved with the stamens: stigma 

 bifid, acute: there is no pericarpium: calyx containing the seeds at 

 the bottom: the seeds four, roundish. 



The species cultivated are: 1. M. jistulosa, Purple Monarda; 

 2. M. oblongata, Long-leafed Monarda ; 3. M. didyma, Scarlet Mo- 

 narda, or Oswego Tea; 4. M. rugosa, White Monarda; o. M. punctata, 

 Spotted Monarda. 



The first has a perennial root, composed of many strong fibres, 

 and spreading far on every side: the stems, near three feet high, are 

 hairy and obtuse-angled; they send out two or four small side 

 branches towards the top: the leaves oblong, broad at the base, but 

 terminating in acute points, hairy, a little indented on their edges, 

 on short hairy foot-stalks: the stem and branches terminating by 

 heads of purple flowers, which have a long involucre, composed of 



