PROGRESSIVE BEEF CATTLE RAISING 



milk or draft, and for many centuries cattlemen have 

 selected their animals with these differences in mind. 

 'l:h<e' ; breeciers o( .continental Europe have tried to com- 

 bine' in their breecjs all of the traits that make animals 

 uSejuiVfor'/rnilk, Jbeef.and draft, so-called triple purpose 

 ' animals,' but since many of the characters are antagonistic 

 to each other, certain compromises in type have had to 

 be made, which have rendered the animals less efficient 

 for each of the special purposes. The principal example 

 of this type is the Fribourgeois, the popular yellow and 

 white breed of northeastern France, southeastern Belgium, 

 Luxemburg and southwestern Germany. The almost 

 complete replacement of cattle for draft purposes by 

 horses in Great Britain and America many years ago 

 has rendered the draft requirement unnecessary, and the 

 common breeds in use in these two countries are either 

 dual purpose or single purpose. The dual purpose 

 breeds are those that have a fair value both for milk 

 and beef, and include the Milking Shorthorn, the Red 

 Poll, and the Devon. The special purpose breeds are 

 either milk or beef, although each dairy breed has some 

 value as a meat animal and each beef breed has some 

 value as a milk producer. The dairy breeds in order of 

 their beef value are Brown Swiss, Holstein-Friesian, 

 Ayrshire, French Canadian, Guernsey and Jersey. The 

 beef breeds are led decidedly by the Shorthorns and 

 Polled Shorthorns in milk production, with the Herefords, 

 Polled Herefords, Aberdeen-Angus and Galloways, second- 

 ary in this particular. Illustrations of each of these 

 types may be found opposite pages 26 and 27. 



Page Ten 



