278 PROPAGATION OF PLANTS. 



berry, although it blooms freely, but another of the same age, near by, 

 is loaded every season with its bright scarlet fruit. 



IlljLcium (Anise Tree). A small genus of evergreen Anise-scented 

 shrubs of the Magnolia family, two of which are native of Florida, one 

 of China and another of Japan. Propagated by seeds and cuttings of 

 the ripened shoots planted under glass in warm climates. All thrive 

 best in a moist or wet soil. 



Indtgofera (Indigo Plant). A large genus of annual, perennial, 

 herbaceous, and shrubby plants. A few of the shrubby kind arc culii- 

 vated in greenhouses, as they are very ornamental when loaded with 

 their red or purplish flowers. Readily propagated by cuttings of the 

 young, tender shoots. 



Itea (Willow Shrub). A neat little native shrub (/. Virginica}, bear- 

 ing long, slender racemes of minute, fragrant flowers. Usually found iu 

 low grounds, from New Jersey southward, but thrives in any good soil, 

 and is quite hardy. Propagated by layers and suckers. 



Jasmi num (Jessamine). Evergreen and deciduous climbing shrubs 

 from the Old World, cultivated under glass in cold climates, but many 

 of the species succeed iu the open ground in the South. Flowers fra- 

 grant, and mostly white or yellow. Propagate .1 by layers and cuttings 

 of either the ripened or green wood. 



Jxiglans (Walnut, Butternut). A genus of long-known, nut- 

 bearing trees. The so-called English Walnut ( J. rcgia), is a native of 

 Asia, but has been cultivated for many centuries in the warmer countries 

 of Europe, and a large number of varieties produced. The Black 

 Walnut (J. nigra), is one of our well-known timber trees, bearing large, 

 round nuts of a strong, rank flavor. The Butternut (J. cincrca), is also 

 a valuable timber tree, the nuts oblong, with rough ridges ; kernel sweet, 

 pbasant tasted, but very oily. A closely allied species to the last (J. 

 Cal'fornica), is a native of California and Arizona, and one other 

 species (J. rupestris), is found from Arizona to Texas. Propagated by 

 seed which should be planted as soon as ripe, or stored in a cool, moist 

 place during winter. If planted in light soils, the seedlings produce a 

 large number of fibrous roots, and are readily transplanted without loss, 

 but when grown in rather firm soils, the seedlings will produce long, 

 naked tap-roots, with few fibers. Varieties are propagated by grafting 

 by ordinary modes in the open ground in mild climates, but in cool ones, 

 out-door grafting is uncertain and seldom successful. Budding is 

 preferable to grafting, for if the bud fails, the stock is not seriously in- 

 jured. The buds should be pi amp, rather mature, and then inserted 

 into a rapid-growing stock or branch, through which the sap is 

 flowing rapidly at the time of performing the operation. The English 

 Walnut is not quite so difficult to propagate by budding and grafting as 

 the Hickory, still it requires care and skill to insure success, either in 

 the open air or under glass. 



Juniper us (Juniper, Red Cedar). A large genus of coniferous 



