DIVERSELY SPECIALIZED SPIKELETS 65 



from the normal type (such as a 1-awned palea would 

 be), it is advisable to reexamine and to reconsider. 

 A close examination of this fertile floret will reveal 

 the thin edges of the lemma infolding the palea. 

 A grain may always be recognized by the embryo 

 at the base on the back. (See Fig. 5, A). 



In Torresia (called holy-grass, vanilla-grass, or 

 Seneca-grass) the sterile florets are awnless and con- 

 tain paleas and stamens. Like Anthoxanthum, the 

 whole plant is fragrant. These are 

 the grasses of which sweet-grass bas- 

 kets are made. 



In Phalaris the glumes are enlarged 

 and strongly keeled or, as in canary- 

 grass, P. canariensis (Fig. 56), wing- 

 keeled, and the sterile florets are re- 

 duced to small empty lemmas. In 

 one species, P. minor, the first sterile 

 floret is reduced to a minute rudi- 

 ment, and in the common reed 

 canary-grass, P. arundinacea, both 

 sterile lemmas are narrow and hairy. FlG 56 A " spikelet 



In Lesson VII, Fig. 42 (page 50), we of Phalaris cana- 



. , , ,11-1 riensis; B, fertile 



had an example of greatly reduced fl ore t with pair of 

 glumes. In rice, Oryza sativa (Fig. 

 57), the glumes are minute, and the 

 lemma and palea are indurate (hardened) and com- 

 pressed laterally. Some varieties of rice have an 

 awned lemma. In an allied genus, Homalocenchrus 

 (Fig. 58), the glumes are wholly suppressed. 



