KEY TO THE OKDERS 



Calyx persistent. 



Stigmas pinnatifid : insectivorous plants. 



Dionaeaceae in Order SARRACENIALES. 491 



Stigmas not pinnatifid : plants not insectivorous (except in Sarraceniales). 

 Styles or stigmas distinct or united, but not discoid. 

 Leaves glandular or pellucid-punctate. 



Placentae axile. Rutaceae in Order GERANIALES. 658 



Placentae parietal. Canellaceae in Order HYPERICALES. 781 



Leaves not glandular. 



Placentae pariental : gynoecium with a 1-celled ovary. 

 Anther-sacs opening lengthwise. 



Capparidaceae in Order PAPAVERALES. 459 

 Anther-sacs opening at the top. 



Bixaceae in Order HYPERICALES. 781 

 Placentae axile or central : gynoecium with a 2-several-celled ovary, 



(or with distinct carpels.) Theaceae in Order HYPERICALES. 781 

 Styles or stigmas united into a disk. 

 Herbs : bog or aquatic plants. 



Petals and sepals numerous : leaves with flat blades : aquatic plants. 



Nymphaeaceae in Order RAN ALES. 428 



Petals and sepals few : leaves with pitcher-like organs : bog plants. 

 . - Sarraceniaceae in Order SARRACENIALES. 491 



Shrubs or trees: plants not aquatic. Clusiaceae in Order HYPERICALES. 781 

 Sepals valvate. 



Stamens with distinct filaments. 



Ovary 1-celled : placentae parietal. Capparidaceae in Order PAPAVERALES. 460 

 Ovary 2-several-celled : placentae axile or central . 



Families in Order MALVALES. 759 



Stamens with united filaments. Order MALVALES. 759 



g Stamens few, not over twice as many as the petals. 

 Stamens as many as the petals and opposite them. 



Anther-sacs opening by hinged valves. Podophyllaceae in Order RANALES. 428 

 Anther-sacs opening by slits. 



Flowers monoecious. Euphorbiaceae in Order EUPHORBIALES. 690 



Flowers perfect. 



Ovules, or seeds, several or many : embryo coiled. 



Portulacaceae in Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 

 Ovules, or seeds, solitary : embryo straight. 



Plumbaginaceae in Order PRIMULALES. 898 

 Stamens as many as the petals and alternate with them, or more, sometimes 



twice as many. 



Stamens 6 : petals 4 : sepals 2 or 4. Families in Order PAPAVERALES. 460 



Stamens, petals and sepals of the same number, or stamens more, usually twice 



as many as the sepals or petals. 

 Ovary 1-celled. 



Ovules, or seeds, on basal or central placentae. 



Herbs. Families in Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 



Trees or shrubs. 



Stamens with free and distinct filaments. 



Tamaricaceae in Order HYPERICALES. 781 

 Stamens with partially united filaments, and usually adnate to the 



corolla. Styracaceae in Order EBENALES. 908 



Ovules, or seeds, on parietal placentae. 

 Stigmas 2-cleft. 



Anther with an inconspicuous connective. 



Stigmas not brush-like. Droseraceae in Order SARRACENIALES. 491 

 Stigmas brush-like. Turneraceae in Order HYPERICALES. 781 



Anther with the conspicuous connective produced beyond the sacs. 



Papayaceae in Order PASSIFLORALES. 805 

 Stigmas entire. 



Stamens with united filaments and no staminodia. 



Families in Order MALVALES. 759 

 Stamens with distinct filaments. 



Staminodia present. Parnassiaceae in Order ROSALES. 494 



Staminodia wanting. Families in Order HYPERICALES. 781 



Ovary several-celled. 



Stamens adnate to the gynoecium. 



Asclepiadaceae in Order ASCLEPIADALES. 933 

 Stamens not adnate to the gynoecium. 



Stamens with wholly or partly united filaments. 



Anthers opening lengthwise. Families in Order GERANIALES. 658 



Anthers opening by pores. Polygalaceae in Order POLYGALALES. 682 

 Stamens with distinct filaments. 



Anthers opening by pores. Families in Order ERICALES. 876 



Anthers opening by slits. 



Stigmas or styles distinct and cleft, or foliaceous. or united by 



pairs. Order EUPHORBIALES. 690 



. Stigmas or styles all distinct or all united, neither cleft nor foli- 

 aceous. 



Stamens 2. Oleaceae in Order OLEALES. 916 



Stamens more than 2. 



Leaves with compound blades. 



Families in Order GERANIALES. 658 

 Leaves with simple blades. 

 Ovule solitary in each carpel. 

 Styles distinct : ovule pendulous. 



Families in Order GERANIALES. 658 



