KEY TO THE ORDERS ix 



Stipules scarious or hyaline : inflorescence cymose : leaf-blades pin- 



nately veined. Families in Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 



ft Leaves without stipules. 



Stigmas entire. Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 



Stigmas 2-cleft. Euphorbiaceae in Order EUPHOKBIALES. 690 



** Ovary several-celled, or with several placentae, several-ovuled. 



Stamens hypogynous, inserted under the gynoecium in the perfect flowers, not 



on a disk in the pistillate flowers. 

 Herbs. 



Flowers perfect. 



Ovary several-celled. 



Fruit baccate or nut-like, or a circumscissile capsule, the carpels 



terminal on the receptacle. Families in Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 

 Fruit of several carpels, lateral on the receptacle, each carpel cir- 

 cumscissile. Penthoraceae in Order ROSALES. 494 

 Ovary 1-2-celled. 



Stamens not tetradynamous, 4-8 : ovary 1-celled. 



Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 

 Stamens tetradynamous : ovary 2-celled. 



Brassicaceae in Order PAPAVERALES. 460 

 Flowers monoecious or dioecious. 



Ovules with the raphe towards the axis of the gynoecium. 



Euphorbiaceae in Order EUPHORBIALES. 690 

 Ovules with the raphe away from the axis of the gynoecium. 



Buxaceae in Order SAPINDALES. 723 

 Trees or shrubs. 



Gynoecium 5-carpellary, the carpels nearly distinct. 



Buettneriaceae in Order MALVALES. 759 

 Gynoecium 2-4-carpellary, the carpels united. 

 Ovary 4-celled : fleshy maritime shrubs. 



Batidaceae in Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 



Ovary 2-celled : plants not fleshy. Oleaceae in Order OLEALES. 916 



Stamens perigynous or epigynous, inserted on the'margin of a hypanthium or 



Fruit a samara. Families in Order SAPINDALES. 723 



Fruit not a samara. 



Fruit drupe-like or berry-like : shrubs or trees. Order RHAMNALES. 747 



Fruit a capsule;: herbs. Order ARISTOLOCHIALES. 1130 



b. Ovary inferior. 



Flowers not in involucrate heads. 



Fruit 3-winged , splitting into 3 nutlets. Gouania in Order RHAMNALES. 747 



Fruit neither 3-winged nor splitting into carpels. 

 Fruit a berry or a drupe, or nut-like. 



Calyx deciduous as a lid : stamens numerous. 



Chytraculia in Order MYRTALES. 822 

 Calyx of valvate or imbricated sepals : stamens few. 



Stamens as many,as the perianth-members and alternate with them, or 



fewer. 

 Herbs, with succulent stems and leaves, or woody below: flowers 



perfect. Tetragoniaceae in Order CHENOPODIALES. 383 



Trees or shrubs : flowers dioecious. Nyssaceae in Order AMMIALES. 851 

 Stamens as many as the perianth-members and opposite them, or twice 



as many. 

 Styles present. 



Ovules mostly on basal placentae, sometimes pendulous : cotyle- 

 dons not convolute : tree or root-parasites. Order SANTALALES. 1101 

 Ovules not on basal placentae : cotyledons convolute : not parasitic 



plants. Families in Order MYRTALES. 822 



Styles wanting : stigmas sessile. Gunneraceae in Order MYRTALES. 822 

 Fruit a capsule. 



Sepals as many as the ovary-cavities or one-half as many. 



Calyx regular and the sepals half as many as the cavities in the ovary, 



or irregular. Order ARISTOLOCHIALES. 1130 



Calyx regular and the sepals as many as the cavities in the ovary. 



Order MYRTALES. 822 

 Sepals (4-5) at least twice as many as the ovary-cavities (2). 



Saxifragaceae in Order ROSALES. 494 

 Flowers, at least the s"taminate, in involucrate heads. 



Ambrosiaceae in Order CARDUALES. 1148 

 B. Corolla present. 



* Petals distinct, at least at the base. 



Carpels solitary, or several and distinct, or united only at the base. 

 Stamens at the base of the receptacle, i. e., hypogynous. 



Flowers in monoecious heads. Platanaceae in Order ROSALES. 494 



Flowers not in monoecious heads. 



Plants with relatively firm stems and leaves, not succulent. Order RANALES. 428 



Plants with succulent stems and leaves. Sedaceae in Order ROSALES. 494 



Stamens on the margin of a hypanthium (the hypanthium very small in some Saxifra- 



Plants without secreting glands in the bark. Order ROSALES. 494 



Plants with secreting glands in the bark. Surianaceae in Order GERANIALES. 658 



Carpels several and united, 

 f Ovary superior. 



t Stamens inserted at the base of the ovary or receptacle. 

 Stamens numerous. 

 Sepals imbricated. 



Calyx deciduous. Order PAPAVERALES. 460 



