218 CYPERACEAE 



95. Carex rosea Schk. Leaves soft ; blades flat, 2 mm. wide or less, shorter than 

 the stem : scapes slender or filiform, rough above, 3-7 dm. long : lower bract 1-6 cm. long : 

 spikes 4-8, subglobose, 4-6 mm. in diameter, 5-15-flowered : scales ovate-oblong, white, 

 as long as the perigynia : perigynia ovate-lanceolate, flattish, bright green, radiately spread- 

 ing, nerveless, shining, mostly over 3 mm. long, each gradually narrowed into a stout 2- 

 toothed beak, about the length of the body. 



In woods and thickets, Newfoundland to Ontario, Manitoba, North Carolina, Missouri and 

 Nebraska. Spring and summer. 



96. Carex radiata (Dewey) Small. Leaves numerous, sometimes equalling the scape 

 in length ; blades about 1 mm. wide or less, weak : scapes filiform, numerous, more or less 

 diffusely spreading : spikes scattered, 2-6-flowered : perigynia mostly less than 3 mm. long, 

 ascending, the broadly oblong-ovoid or obovoid body abruptly narrowed into the beak. 

 [(7. rosea var. radiata Dewey.] 



In woods, Ontario to Maine, Georgia and Tennessee. Summer. 



97. Carex retrofl6xa Muhl. Leaves mostly shorter than the scape ; blades about 1 

 mm. in width : scapes very slender, 2-5 dm. tall : lower bract bristle-form : spikes 4-8, 

 subglobose, 4-9-flowered, the upper all close together : staminate flowers terminal or rarely 

 variously intermixed with the pistillate : scales ovate, about as long as the perigynia : 

 perigynia oblong-lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, radiating or reflexed at maturity, about 

 3 mm. long, smooth, compressed, but not as flat as those of the preceding species, somewhat 

 corky-thickened at tbe base, each tapering upwardly into a 2-toothed beak about ^ the 

 length of the body. 



In woods and thickets, Massachusetts to Ontario, Arkansas. Florida and Texas. Spring and summer. 



98. Carex Texnsis (Torr. ) Bailey. Similar to the next preceding species. Leaves 

 soft ; blades about 1 mm. wide, shorter than the scape : scapes very slender : lower bract 

 commonly filiform : spikes 4-7, 4-1 0-flowered, all close together in a narrow head, or 

 the lower separated : scales lanceolate or ovate, acute or acuminate, less than \ as long as 

 the perigynia : perigynia narrowly lanceolate, green, nerveless, smooth, radiating or 

 widely spreading, 3-4 mm. long, the tapering beak about \ as long as the body. 



In moist soil and thickets, southern Illinois (according to Bailey) to Alabama and Texas. Spring. 



99. Carex sparganioides Muhl. Leaf-blades flat, 5-9 mm. wide, the lower very 

 short : sheaths white or pale : scapes rough, 3-angled, 5-9 dm. tall : spikes 6-12, oblong or 

 subglobose, 5-8 mm. in diameter, the upper aggregated, the 2-4 lower ones commonly 

 separated : scales ovate, acute or cuspidate, about \ as long as the perigynia : perigynia 

 flat, ovate, 3 mm. long, spreading or radiating, pale, narrowly wing-margined, usually few- 

 nerved on the outer face, the rough 2-toothed beak \-\ the length of the body. 



In woods and thickets, Massachusetts to Ontario, Michigan, Virginia, Kentucky and the Indian 

 Territory. Summer. 



100. Carex cephalophora Muhl. Leaf-blades 2-4 mm. wide: scapes slender, rough 

 above, 2.5-6 dm. tall : bracts of the lower spikes bristle-form : spikes few, subglobose, 

 clustered in a short-oblong head 8 -16 mm. long : scales ovate, rough-cuspidate or awned, 

 equalling or a little shorter than the perigynia : perigynia broadly ovate, 2 mm. long or 

 less, pale, nerveless or very faintly few-nerved, each tipped with a 2-toothed beak about \ 

 the length of the body. 



In dry fields and on hills, Maine and Ontario to Manitoba, Florida. Missouri and Texas. Spring 

 and summer. 



101. Carex Leavenwdrthii Dewey. Similar to the next preceding species but 

 smaller. Leaves mostly shorter than the scape ; blades narrower, 1-3 mm. wide : scapes 

 almost filiform, roughish, 1.5-4 dm. tall : bracts of the lower spikes bristle-form or want- 

 ing : spikes 4-7, densely crowded : scales ovate, acute or cuspidate, shorter and narrower 

 than the perigynia : perigynia orbicular-ovate, rather less than 2 mm. long and about as 

 wide, each tipped with a very short 2-toothed beak. 



In meadows, Iowa to Mississippi, Arkansas and Texas. Spring. 



102. Carex Muhlenbergii Schk. Leaves usually shorter than the scape ; blades 2-4 

 mm. wide, somewhat involute in drying : scapes slender, erect, 3-angled, rough, at least 

 above, 3-6 dm. tall : bracts bristle-form, very short : spikes 4-10, ovoid or subglobose, close 

 together in an oblong head : scales ovate-lanceolate, rough-cuspidate or short -awned, nar- 

 rower and mostly longer than the perigynia : perigynia broadly ovate-oval, 3 mm. long, 

 strongly nerved on both faces, ascending, each with a short 2-toothed beak. 



In dry fields and on hills, Maine and New Hampshire to Ontario, Minnesota. Florida and Texas. 

 A form with broader and longer leaf-blades, and nearly or quite nerveless perigynia is C. Muhlcnbcrgii 

 Xalap&nsis (Kunth) Britton; it ranges from New York and Missouri to Texas and Mexico. Another 

 form with globular spikes collected into denser heads, broader bracts and much broader and less prom- 

 inently nerved perigynia, is C. Muhlenbergii austrinus Small [C. Muhlenbergii australis Olney] ; Arkansas, 

 the Indian Territory and Texas. Spring and summer. 



