ERIOCAULACEAE 235 



1. Lachnocaulon Engleri liuhl. Leaf-blades 1-3 cm. long, linear-attenuate glab- 

 rous, firm : scapes 5-30 cm. tall, 3-5-ridged, twisted, glabrous : heads cylindric at maturity, 

 3-6 mm. long, dark brown or black : receptacle with slender-clavate hairs : bractlets obovate, 

 minutely pubescent near the apex : sepals obovate, obtuse, minutely pubescent at the apex : 

 ovary 3-celled : stigmas 3 : seeds 0.5 mm. long. 



In damp sandy and springy places, Florida. Spring to fall. 



2. Lachnocaulon Floridaimm Small. Leaf-blades 2-4.5 cm. long, linear, less 

 attenuate than those of L. glabi*um, sparingly ciliate, manifestly cellular at the base : scapes 

 3-11 cm. tall, twisted, glabrous : heads globose, 3-3.5 mm. long at maturity, dark gray : 

 bractlets spatulateor obovate-spatulate, ciliate : sepals similar to the bractlets, ciliate : ovary 

 3-celled : seeds 0.5 mm. long. 



In low sandy places, peninsular Florida. Spring to fall. 



3. Lachnocaulon glabrum Korn. Leaves spreading and ascending ; blades linear- 

 attenuate, 4-5 cm. long, glabrous : scape 15-30 cm. tall, mostly 3-ridged, twisted, glabrous : 

 heads white, spheroidal at maturity, 3^4 mm. thick : bractlets and sepals ciliate : ovary 3- 

 celled : stigmas 3. 



In damp or wet sandy places, Florida. Spring to fall. 



4. Lachnocaulon digynum Korn. Leaf-blades 8-15 mm. long, linear, glabrous : 

 scapes 6-15 cm. tall, glabrous : heads globular, about 2 mm. in diameter, gray : bractlets 

 spatulate, each with a nerve-like keel : sepals spatulate to obovate, obtuse, ciliate : ovary 

 2-celled. 



In sandy soil, Alabama. Spring to fall. 



5. Lachnocaulon Beyrichianum Sporleder. Leaf-blades 1.5-5 cm. long, very nar- 

 rowly linear or linear-filiform, attenuate, sparingly ciliate or nearly glabrous : scapes 3-14 

 cm. tall, sparingly hairy, very slender, more or less spiral : heads globular, becoming some- 

 what elongated, about 3 mm. thick : bractlets spatulate, ciliate : sepals obovate to nearly 

 spatulate, ciliate : ovary 3-celled : seeds 0.5 mm. long, smooth. 



On sandy shores and in springy places, eastern and southern Georgia. Spring to fall. 



6. Lachnocaulon eciliatum Small. Leaf-blades 1-4.5 cm. long, linear-attenuate, 

 sparingly ciliate : scapes slender, 3-9 cm. tall, pubescent : heads globular, 3-3.5 mm. thick, 

 gray : bractlets spatulate, not ciliate : sepals spatulate to oblanceolate, eciliate, those of the 

 pistillate flowers wholly glabrous, those of the staminate minutely pubescent at the apex : 

 seeds ovoid, cancellate. 



On sandy shores, northwestern Florida. Spring to fall. 



7. Lachnocaulon minus (Chapm. ) Small. Leaf-blades 1-4 cm. long, linear-atten- 

 uate, sparingly ciliate : scapes slender, 0.5-3 dm. tall, pubescent : heads globular to cylin- 

 dric, 3-4 mm. thick, gray or brown-gray : bractlets and sepals ciliate with relatively short 

 hairs : seeds oval or ovoid, 0.5 mm. long, cancellate. [L. Michauxii var. minor, Chapm.] 



In moist soil or often pond-margins, North Carolina to Florida. Spring to fall. 



8. Lachnocaulon anceps (Walt.) Morong. Leaf- blades 2-6 cm. long, narrowly 

 linear-attenuate, sparingly pubescent or glabrate : scapes 0.5 dm. tall, very slender, pubes- 

 cent : heads spheroidal, 5 mm. thick or more, white : bractlets and sepals ciliate with rela- 

 tively long hairs : seeds oblong, 0.8 mm. long. 



In low or moist pine lands, Virginia to Florida. Spring to fall. 



2. SYNGONANTHUS Kuhl. 



Scapose herbs, with spongy tissues. Leaves basal, narrow, crowded. Scapes often 

 tufted, each subtended by a sheathing bract at the base. Heads with an imbricated in- 

 volucre of 3-4 series of bracts. Flowers androgynous. Staminate flowers with 2 or 3 

 distinct sepals and petals : stamens 2-3 : filaments distinct ; anthers 2-celled. Pistillate 

 flowers with 2 or 3 distinct sepals and 2 or 3 petals united at the middle : style-branches 

 2-3, entire or each 2-cleft. Capsule 2-3-celled. 



1. Syngonanthus flavidulus (Michx.) Kuhl. Leaf -blades filiform-linear or linear- 

 subulate, 2-7 cm. long, attenuate to a slender tip, floccose near the base, glabrate above : 

 scapes 1-3 dm. tall, 5-angled, pubescent, very slender, or nearly filiform : heads 4-6 mm. 

 thick : bracts of the involucre ovate-oval, obtuse, straw-colored, shining : perianth about 

 2.5 mm. long, pale. [Paepalanthus flawdulus (Michx.) Kunth.] 



In low pine lands, Virginia to Florida. Spring and summer. 



3. ERIOCAULON L. 



Herbs with spongy tissues. Leaves basal, attenuate, often with conspicuous cross- 

 nerves. Scapes simple, ridged, each subtended by a sheathing bract. Heads of various 



