LILIACEAE 265 



4. ANDROSTEPHIUM Torr. 



Scapose herbs, with membranous-coated cornis. Leaves basal : blades narrow, elon- 

 gated. Scape simple, topped by a several-rayed umbel, this subtended by several bracts. 

 Flowers perfect, few, short-pedicelled. Perianth blue : sepals and petals 6, about as long 

 as the funnelform tube, united to about the middle. Stamens 6, adnate to the throat of the 

 perianth-tube : filaments united to the middle or above it into a tube, this bearing tooth- 

 like lobes between the free parts of the filaments : anthers narrow, introrse. Ovary 3-celled : 

 style filiform : stigma 3-grooved. Ovules several in each cavity. Capsule 3-angled, 

 membranous, loculicidal. Seeds few, black, thick. 



1. Androstephium coeruleum (Scheele) Greene. Bulbs ovoid, with thin outer 

 coats : leaves basal ; blades rather flat, linear, commonly overtopping the scape : scape 

 solitary, 1-3 dm. tall, topped by a 2-6-rayed umbel : pedicels ascending, 1-3 cm. long, 

 relatively stout : perianth lilac or violet, 2-3 cm. long : sepals and petals oblong or oblong- 

 lanceolate, about as long as the tube, obtuse : anthers not surpassing the perianth : capsules 

 over 1 cm. long and broad : seeds flat, 4-6 mm. broad. [A. liolaceum Torr.] 



On prairies and in light soil, Kansas to the Indian Territory and Texas. Spring. 



FAMILY 4. LILIACEAE Adans. LILY FAMILY. 



Perennial, mainly caulescent herbs, with bulbs or conns. Leaves alternate or 

 whorled, basal or apparently basal : blades entire. Flowers solitary, or in ter- 

 minal racemes, coiymbs or panicles. Perianth commonly conspicuous or showy. 

 Sepals and petals 3 each, quite similar, sometimes partially united. Androecium 

 of 6 stamens. Filaments usually distinct. Anthers 2-celled. Gynoecium of 3 

 united carpels. Ovary superior, 3-celled. Styles united. Ovules 2-many in 

 each cavity. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, globular or elongated, lobed or prismatic. 



Sepals and petals partially united. 1. HEMEROCALLIS. 



Sepals and petals distinct". 

 Anthers not introrse. 



Anthers versatile. 2. LILIUM. 



Anthers erect. 3. ERYTHRONIUM. 



Anthers introrse. 



Ovules numerous in each cavity. 4. QUAMASIA. 



Ovules 2 in each cavity. 5. OXYTRIA. 



1. HEMEROCALLIS L. 



Acaulescent herbs, with glabrous foliage and clustered coated bulbs. Leaves basal : 

 blades linear, elongated, ascending or spreading, sometimes slightly involutely folded. 

 Scapes simple below the inflorescence. Flowers perfect, in terminal clusters. Perianth 

 mostly yellow or orange, funnelform ; lobes longer than the tube, recurving. Stamens 6, 

 adnate to near the top of the perianth-tube : filaments shorter than the perianth : anthers 

 narrow, opening introrsely. Ovary longer than broad, 3-celled : style declined : stigma 

 small, capitate. Ovules numerous in each cavity. Capsule 3-celled, 3-angld, longitu- 

 dinally 3-valved. Endosperm fleshy. 



1. Hemerocallis fiilva L. Foliage glabrous, bright green. Leaves basal, often 

 numerous ; blades linear, elongated, curved, acute : scapes 1-2 m. tall, overtopping the 

 leaves, often mottled : flowers 5-15, short-pedicelled, opening for about one day : perianth 

 showy, tawny orange, 10-15 cm. long ; lobes spreading or recurved, the outer 3 flat, 

 acutish, the inner 3 undulate, obtuse : stamens exserted, shorter than the style. 



In thickets and meadows, New Brunswick and Ontario to North Carolina and Tennessee. Native 

 of Europe and Asia. Summer. DAY LILY. 



2. LfLIUM L. 



Caulescent herbs, with scaly bulbs. Leaves alternate or whorled : blades flat, entire, 

 smooth, or with rough margins and nerves. Flowers perfect, erect or drooping. Peri- 

 anth showy, variously colored, funnelform to campanulate : sepals and petals 3 each, dis- 

 tinct, straight or recurved, each with a nectar-bearing groove at the base within. Stamens 

 6, slightly adnate to the sepals and petals : filaments subulate or filiform, shorter than the 

 perianth : anthers narrow, versatile, opening lengthwise. Ovary 3-celled : style often 

 club-shaped : stigma 3-lobed. Ovules numerous in each cavity. Capsule longer than 

 broad, loculicidal. Seeds flat, horizontal, closely packed in 2 rows in each cavity. 



