LEUCOJACEAE 285 



Order 10. AMARYLLIDALES. 



Perennial herbs, or vines. Leaves various : blades very narrow to widely 

 dilated. Flowers perfect or dioecious, complete, regular or irregular. Perianth 

 of 6 parts, sometimes readily distinguishable into calyx and corolla, the mem- 

 bers distinct or partially united. Androecium of 3-6 stamens. Gynoecium com- 

 pound, the ovary wholly inferior or half-inferior. Fruit capsular or baccate. 

 Endosperm horny or fleshy. 



Stamens 6. 



Upright herbs : flowers perfect. Fam. 1. LEUCOJACEAE. 



Twining vines : flowers dioecious. Fam. 2. TAMACEAE. 

 Stamens 3. 



Filaments opposite the sepals. Fam. 3. IXIACEAE. 



Filaments opposite the petals. Fam. 4. HAEMODORACEAE. 



FAMILY 1. LEUCOJACEAE Batsch. AMARYLLIS FAMILY. 



Perennial herbaceous, often watery or fleshy herbs, with bulbs or corms, or 

 sometimes with fibrous roots. Leaves basal : blades simple, usually narrow, 

 parallel-nerved, sheathing at the base. Flowers perfect, regular or irregular, 

 sometimes solitary. Perianth epigynous, coralloid, deciduous or withering and 

 and persistent. Sepals and petals 3 each, united into a tube below. Androe- 

 cium of 6 stamens inserted on an epigynous disk, or at the throat of the tube 

 opposite the sepals and petals. Filaments sometimes dilated, and more or less 

 united at the base or connected by a crown. Anthers introrse. Gynoecium a 

 single compound pistil. Ovary inferior, 3-celled or very rarely nearly 1-celled, 

 the cavities opposite the sepals. Styles united. Stigma entire or 3-lobed. 

 Ovules numerous, anatropous, pendulous or rarely ascending. Fruit a 3-celled 

 capsule or berry. Seeds globose, flattened or angled, with a thin crustaceous 

 testa which is sometimes produced into a wing, or thick and fleshy, variable in 

 color. Endosperm fleshy. Embryo axile, nearly straight. [Amaryllidaceae 

 LindL] 



Perennial from corms or elongated rootstocks. 

 Ovary and capsule one-half-inferior. 



Flowers in racemes or spikes : perianth granular ; lobes relatively short, converging, erect or 



somewhat spreading : stamens included. 1. ALETRIS. 



Flowers in dichotomous cymes : perianth woolly ; lobes relatively long and 



widely spreading : stamens exserted. 2. LOPHIOLA. 



Ovary and capsule wholly inferior. 



Inflorescence umbel-like : capsule circumscissile. 3. HYPOXIS. 



Inflorescence spicate, racemose or paniculate : capsules 3-valved. 



Plants with bulbs, dying down annually : leaf-blades neither spiny-toothed 



nor spine-tipped. 4. MANFREDA. 



Plants with caudices, long-persistent : leaf-blades spiny-toothed and spine- 

 tipped. 5. AGAVE. 

 Perennial from bulbs. 

 Filaments distinct. 

 Scapes 1-flowered. 



Perianth-tube very short or the sepals and petals distinct: anthers versatile. 6. ATAMOSCO. 

 Perianth-tube elongated : anthers erect. 7. COOPERIA. 



Scapes 2-6- flowered. 8. CRINUM. 



Filaments connected by a cup-like or funnelform crown. 9. HYMENOCALLIS. 



1. ALETRIS L. 



Caulescent herbs, with hard rootstocks and simple scape-like stems. Leaves mainly 

 basal : blades flat, spreading, reduced to slender scales on the stem. Kaceme elongated, 

 interrupted, terminal. Flowers perfect. Perianth white to yellow, campanulate, cylindric 

 or obovoid, granular, 6-lobed. Stamens 6 : filaments partially adnate to the perianth 

 tube, short : anthers introrse, acute. Ovary 3-celled, half-inferior. Ovules anatropous, 

 numerous in each cavity. Capsule 3-celled, enclosed in the persistent perianth, loculicidal. 

 Seeds numerous, ribbed. Endosperm fleshy. COLIC-ROOT. STAB-GRASS. 



Perianth cylindric or campanulate : filaments adnate to near the base of the perianth-lobes. 



Perianth campanulate. 5-7 mm. long: lobes erect. 1. A. aurca. 



Perianth cylindric or constricted above the middle, 7-10 mm. long : lobes spreading. 



Perianth yellow : capsule gradually narrowed into a beak % as long as the body. 2. A. lutea. 

 Perianth white : capsule abruptly narrowed into a beak as long as the body. 8. A.farinosa. 



Perianth obovoid : filaments adnate to a little above the middle of the perianth. 4. A. obovata. 



