316 OKCHIDACEAE 



6. Habenaria Habenaria (L. ) Small. Roots fibrous, often accompanied by a tuber : 

 stems rather slender, 3-6 dm. tall : leaves chiefly on the lower part of the stem ; blades 

 oblong or lanceolate, 5-15 cm. long, acute, entire, sheathing at the base, those above the 

 middle of the stem much smaller : spike loosely few-flowered : bracts ovate-lanceolate to 

 lanceolate, acuminate: middle sepal oval or orbicular-oval, 12-14 mm. long, obtuse: 

 lateral sepals oblong or slightly narrowed upward : lateral petals with the broader seg- 

 ment 8-10 mm. long, the other segment filiform, fully twice as long : lip 3-parted, 

 the middle segment about 2 cm. long ; lateral segments $-\ longer : spur conspicuous, 

 11-12 cm. long. [H. macroceratitis (Sw. ) Willd.] 



In sandy soil, peninsular Florida and tropical America. 



9. HABENELLA Small. 



Caulescent herbs, with large tuber-like roots. Leaves alternate, several : blades spread- 

 ing beyond the sheathing bases, extending well towards the inflorescence. Spike several- 

 flowered. Perianth rather inconspicuous. Sepals 3, the upper one about as broad as long, 

 boat-shaped, the 2 lateral concave, inequilateral. Lateral petals nearly oblong, much 

 smaller than the sepals. Lip entire, narrow. Anther with filiform appendages at the 

 base of each sac. Stigma drooping, with 2 short appendages on each side. Glands 

 naked. Capsule rather elongated. 



1. Habenella Garberi (Porter) Small. Roots tuber-like, several : stems 3-6 dm. 

 tall, leafy throughout : leaves only slightly reduced above ; blades oblong to oblong-lanceo- 

 late, 6-10 cm. long, acute, with clasping bases : spike 8-15 cm. long, loosely flowered : 

 bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate : perianth greenish yellow, not showy : sepals broadly 

 ovate or oval, 4-5 mm. long : lateral petals narrower than the sepals, oblong or nearly so : 

 lip longer than the petals, entire, linear from a broad base, obtuse : spur slender, 12-18 

 mm. long, as long as the ovary or longer. [Habenaria Garberi Porter.] 



In hammocks, peninsular Florida. Fall or winter. 



10. GYMNADENIOPSIS Rydb. 



Caulescent herbs, with fibrous or somewhat tuberous roots. Leaves alternate : blades 

 entire. Flowers in relatively stout spikes. Bracts inconspicuous. Perianth white, pink, 

 greenish or orange-yellow. Sepals free, spreading. Lateral petals usually smaller than 

 the sepals. Lip entire or 3-toothed at the apex. Spur much longer than the lip. Anthers 

 with parallel and approximate sacs and naked contiguous glands. Pollen-masses granular, 

 with short tails. Stigma with 2-3 oblong or club-shaped appendages at the beak. 

 Lip 3-topthed at the apex : spur club-shaped. 1. O. clavellata. 



Lip entire or crenulate : spur filiform. 



Perianth white or pink : ovary not twisted, shorter than the spur. 2. O. nivea. 



Perianth yellow or orange-yellow : ovary twisted, longer than the spur. 3. G. integra,. 



1. Gymnadeniopsis clavellata (Michx. ) Rydb. Roots coarse, clustered : stems 1- 

 5 dm. tall, relatively slender, naked above : leaves reduced to scales, except 1 or rarely 

 2, these near the middle of the stem or below it ; blades oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, 5- 

 12 cm. long, obtuse or acute, ascending : spike 2-5 cm. long, few-flowered : perianth 

 greenish or whitish : sepals ovate or broadly oval, 2-2.5 mm. long, obtuse : lateral petals 

 quite similar to the sepals : lip 3-4 mm. long, 3-toothed at the apex : spur club-shaped, 

 longer than the ovary : capsules oblong, 7-8 mm. long. [Gymnadenia tridenlata (Willd.) 

 Lindl.] 



In low grounds, Newfoundland to Minnesota, Florida and Louisiana. Summer. FROG-SPIKE. 



2. Gymnadeniopsis nivea (Nutt. ) Rydb. Roots tuber-like : stems usually slender, 

 2-5 dm. tall : leaves several on the lower part of the stem, the upper ones much reduced ; 

 blades linear or linear-oblong, 5-20 cm. long, or shorter above, and there attenuate : spike 

 cylindric, 2-10 cm. long : flowers not inverted : perianth white or pink : lateral sepals 

 ovate, much dilated on the lower side at the base, 4-4.5 mm. long, other sepal ovate or 

 oval, 3-4 mm. long: lateral petals smaller than the sepals, broadly linear or linear- 

 oblong, 3-3.5 mm. long: lip linear or gradually narrowed upward, 5-5.7 mm. long, with 

 2 teeth near the base : spur filiform, about 1 cm. long, as long as the ovary or longer. 

 [Gymnadenia nivea (Nutt.) Engelm. & Gray.] 



In pine lands and on wooded hillsides, Delaware to Florida and Mississippi. Summer. 



3. Gymnadeniopsis integra (Nutt.) Rydb. Roots rather thick or even tuber-like : 

 stems 3-6 dm. tall, rather naked above : leaf-blades broadly linear or linear-lanceolate, 

 5-20 cm. long, much reduced above : spike oblong, 3-8 cm. long : bracts about as long as 

 the perianth or shorter : perianth orange or orange-yellow : sepals oval or obovate, 3-4 

 mm. long, obtuse : lateral petals often slightly larger than the sepals : lip oblong or ovate- 



