324 OKCHIDACEAE 



all free and separate. Lip free, concave below, constricted below the dilated and petal-like 

 upper portion. Column short, erect. Anther erect, operculate, its sacs contiguous. Pollen- 

 masses granulose, 2-parted, becoming attached to the glandular stigma-beak. Capsules 

 oblong, beakless. 



1. Epipactis gigant&a Dougl. Stems 3-12 dm. tall, simple, often slightly zigzag : 

 leaf -blades lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or ovate near the base of the stem, 1-1.5 dm. long, 

 or shorter above, the lower ones clasping or sheathing the stem, the upper merely sessile : 

 bracts similar to the leaves but much smaller : raceme pubescent : perianth greenish, pur- 

 ple-veined : sepals lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 12-18 mm. long: lateral petals somewhat 

 smaller than the sepals : lip about as long as the sepals, the concave portion with erect 

 margins and callous-thickened nerves below, the upper portion ovate or lanceolate-ovate, 

 entire : capsules oblong, 15-20 mm. long. 



In damp shaded places, British Columbia to California and Texas. Summer. 



23. ARETHUSA L. 



Caulescent herbs, with corm-like rootstocks. Leaves mostly reduced to scales, one with 

 a linear blade sometimes near the top of the stem. Flowers usually solitary and terminal. 

 Sepals cohering at the base, converging and hooded. Lateral petals similar to the sepals. 

 Lip broadly dilated, recurved, spreading above, crested on the inner face. Column nar- 

 row, coherent to the lip below, winged and dilated at the apex. Anther incumbent on the 

 column : sacs approximate. Pollen-masses 4, two in each sac, powdery-granular. Capsule 

 elongated, erect, angled or ribbed. ROSE-LIP. 



1. Arethusa bulbosa L. Corm 1-2 cm. in diameter: stems scape-like, 1-3 dm. 

 tall : leaves various, one basal with a linear blade, 1-1.5 dm. long, others mostly mere 

 sheathing scales : flowers solitary or rarely 2, subtended by 2 small unequal bracts : peri- 

 anth showy, rose-purple, 3-6 mm. long, erect : sepals linear or oblong, 3-4 cm. long ; lat- 

 teral ones curved : lateral petals often slightly shorter than the sepals : lip drooping, 2.5- 

 3 mm. long, dilated to the toothed or fringed apex, the face often blotched, bearded, 

 crested with 3 white hairy lines : capsule 2-2.5 cm. long, strongly 6-ribbed. 



In bogs, Newfoundland to Minnesota, the mountains of North Carolina, and Indiana. Spring. 



24. VANI'LLA Sw. 



Vines climbing by aerial roots. Stems elongated, often with very long internodes. 

 Leaves fleshy or leathery : blades sessile or slightly petioled, jointed at the base, rarely 

 wanting. Flowers in axillary racemes. Perianth showy. Sepals and lateral petaU 

 nearly similar, distinct, spreading. Lip dilated above, adnate to the naked column. 

 Anther large, hemispheric, or conic, incumbent. Pollen-masses rather granular. Capsule 

 fleshy, often elongated, sometimes very fragrant, dehiscent, or indehiscent. 



1. Vanilla planifolia Andr. A vine climbing to a height of several m. Stems 

 terete, branching : leaf -blades leathery, oblong or elliptic-oblong, 10-18 cm. long, acute, 

 sessile or nearly so : bracts ovate, acute : perianth green, 5-6 cm. long, not showy : sepals 

 linear-spatulate, slightly involute : lateral petals rather similar to the sepals but shorter 

 and narrower, more delicate : lip shorter than the sepals ; blade cornucopia-like, toothed, 

 crested : column extending to the toothed portion of the lip : capsules'cylindric, elongated, 

 1-2 dm. long, very fragrant when partially dry. 



In forests, peninsular Florida and tropical America. Also widely cultivated. 



25. ACHROANTHES Raf. 



Caulescent herbs, with short corms. Leaves mostly reduced to scales, and one normally 

 with an expanded blade and sheathing base. Flowers in a terminal raceme. Perianth white 

 or greenish, not showy. Sepals distinct, spreading, the 2 lateral equal. Lateral petals very 

 narrow or filiform, spreading. Lip broad, cordate or auricled at the base. Anther 2- 

 celled, erect or between the auricles of the lip. Pollen-masses 4, two in each sac, waxy, 

 tailless and without glands, cohering at the apex. Column embraced by the lip. Capsule 

 ribbed, beakless. \_Microstylis Nutt. ] The plants flower in the summer. ADDER'S MOUTH. 



Lip 3-topthed at the broad apex. 1. A. unijolia. 

 Lip entire at the acute apex. 



Leaf solitary : pedicels shorter than the capsules. 2. A. monophylla. 



Leaves 2 : pedicels as long as the capsules. 3. A. Floridana. 



