FAGACEAE 351 



9. Quercus palustris Du Hoi. A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of about 

 60 m., with a trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the trunk clothed with a brown rough bark, its lower 

 branches often deflexed. Leaf-blades broadly oval, varying to ovate or obovate, 6-15 cm. 

 long, deeply pinnatifid into oblong, lanceolate or triangular lobes, glabrous on both sides 

 except the tufted axils of the nerves beneath, shining above ; petioles 3-5 cm. long, or 

 shorter on seedlings : acorns short-peduncled ; cup saucer-shaped, 12-15 mm. long, finely 

 pubescent, the scales appressed ; nut subglobose, 10-15 mm. long. 



In swamps and wet places, Massachusetts to Wisconsin, Florida and the Indian Territory. PIN 

 OAK. SWAMP OAK. 



10. Quercus Geprgiana M. A. Curtis. A bushy shrub or small tree, reaching a 

 height of about 9 m. , with a trunk diameter of about 3 dm. , the bark of the trunk dark, rough. 

 Leaf-blades obovate or oblong in outline, pinnatifid into 3-5 triangular or ovate bristle- 

 tipped lobes, glabrous and somewhat shining on both sides or the axils of the nerves 

 beneath often tufted ; petioles 0.5-1 cm. long : acorns very short-peduncled or sessile ; cup 

 saucer-shaped, 12-16 mm. broad, sparingly tomentose, the scales appressed ; nut ovoid or 

 nearly globose, 10-14 mm. long, usually stria te. 



On granite rock and in sandy soil, middle Georgia. 



11. Quercus Schiieckii Britton. A shrub or forest tree, reaching a maximum height 

 of 65 m., with a trunk diameter of 2.5 m., the trunk clothed with a reddish brown bark. Leaf- 

 blades oval varying to obovate, 6-20 cm. long, glabrous and shining above, paler beneath 

 and tufted in the axils of the nerves, usually pinnately 5-7-lobed ; lobes ascending, oblong 

 or triangular, entire or several-toothed, the sinuses rounded, the lobes and teeth bristle- 

 tipped ; petioles slender, 2-5 cm. long, or shorter in some Texas forms : acorns short- 

 peduncled or nearly sessile ; cup saucer-shaped, 20-30 mm. broad, or smaller in arid regions, 

 the scales appressed ; nut ovoid, 1.5-2.5 cm. long. [Q. Texana Sarg., not Buckl.] 



On plains and prairies, Iowa to Florida and Texas. SPANISH OAK. 



12. Quercus rubra L. A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of 50 m., with a 

 trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the trunk clothed with a rough, close, often mottled bark. Leaf- 

 blades oval, varying to ovate or obovate in outline, 10-20 cm. long, dull or slightly shin- 

 ing above, pale and glabrous beneath, except the tufts of hairs in the axils of the nerves, 

 5-7-lobed, the lobes ascending, entire or usually with a few bristle-tipped teeth, the sinuses 

 rounded ; petioles 3-5 cm. long : acorns short-stalked ; cup saucer-shaped, slightly tomen- 

 tose, 25-35 mm. broad, its base usually flat, its scales large, appressed, flat ; nut ovoid, 

 2.5-3 cm. long. 



In woods, Nova Scotia and Ontario to Minnesota and Kansas, Florida and Texas. RED OAK. 

 LEOPARD OAK. 



13. Quercus Catesbaei Michx. A small tree, sometimes reaching a height of 20 m., 

 with a trunk diameter of 1m., the trunk clothed with a thick furrowed blue-gray bark, 

 which finally separates into small blocks. Leaf-blades oblong or ovate in outline, usually 

 deeply pinnately-lobed, rather pale green and glabrous on both surfaces, except the tufted 

 axils of the nerves beneath, the lobes oblong, ovate or usually lanceolate, often curved, 

 entire, or with coarse bristle-tipped teeth towards the end ; petioles about 0.5-1 cm. long : 

 acorns short-peduncled ; cup saucer-shaped, about 25-30 mm. broad, the scales broad, ap- 

 pressed, but not closely so ; nut ovoid, 2-2.5 cm. long. 



On sand ridges, North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. TURKEY OAK. 



14. Quercus Texana Buckl. A small tree, with spreading branches. Leaves 

 numerous ; blades 5-10 cm. long, with 3-7 triangular or ovate lobes, the terminal one 

 much longer than the rest, bro'adly cuneate to truncate at the base ; petioles slender, 1-3 

 cm. long : acorns about 1.5 cm. long, nearly sessile ; cup hemispheric, 9-11 mm. broad ; 

 nut oblong or ovoid-oblong, 8-10 mm. thick. 



In dry or rocky soil, southern and western Texas. 



15. Quercus coccinea Wang. A forest tree, reaching a height of about 50 m., with 

 a trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the trunk clothed with an irregularly ridged bark. Leaf -blades 

 oval, varying to oblong or obovate in outline, 1-2 dm. long, usually deep green and shin- 

 ing above, paler and glabrous beneath, or tufted in the axils of the nerves, 5-7-lobed, the 

 lobes ascending or spreading, usually toothed, the teeth as well as the lobes bristle-tipped ; 

 petioles 2-6 cm. long : acorns sessile or short-peduncled ; cup turbinate, 15-20 mm. broad, 

 more or less constricted at the base, the scales appressed ; nut ovoid or oblong-ovoid, mostly 

 1-2 cm. long. 



In dry soil, Maine to Ontario and Minnesota, Florida and Missouri. SCARLET OAK. 



16. Quercus velutina Lam. A forest tree, reaching a height of 50 m., with a 

 trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the bark dark brown, close or in low irregular ridges. Leaf -blades 

 oval or obovate in outline, 10-30 cm. long, pinnately lobed, glabrous and often shining 



