384 CHENOPODIACEAE 



ft Bracts or stipules scarious. 



Stipules wanting : sepals scarious. Fam. 3. AMARANTHACEAE. 



Stipules present : sepals herbaceous or scarious-margined. Fam. 4. CORRIGIOLACEAE. 

 ** Fruit baccate or an achene, or aggregate. 



Fruit an achene or a berry : flowers not in cones. Fam. 5. PETIVERIACEAE. 



Fruit aggregate : flowers in axillary cones. Fam. 6. BATIDACEAE. 



b Fruit an anthocarp, the achene surrounded by the calyx-tube. Fam. 7. ALLIONIACEAE. 



B. Fruit a capsule dehiscent by apical or longitudinal valves. , 



Ovary several-celled : corolla wanting. Fam. 8. TETRAGONIACEAE. 

 Ovary 1-celled : corolla mostly present. 



Sepals 2 : leaves mostly alternate. Fam. 9. PORTULACACEAE. 

 Sepals 4 or 5 : leaves mostly opposite. 



Sepals distinct : ovary sessile : petals not clawed. Fam. 10. ALSINACEAE. 



Sepals united : ovary stipitate : petals clawed. Fam. 11. CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 



FAMILY 1. CHENOPODIACEAE Dumort. GOOSEFOOT FAMILY. 



More or less fleshy often glandular annual or perennial mostly weedy plants, 

 or rarely vines, but of considerable economic importance. Leaves alternate or 

 opposite : blades entire or toothed, often much reduced : stipules wanting. 

 Flowers terminal and axillary, often densely clustered, sometimes spicate,cymose 

 or panicled, inconspicuous, herbaceous, sometimes subtended by bracts, some- 

 times naked. Calyx of 2, 3, 4 or 5 persistent sepals. Androecium of as many 

 stamens as there are sepals. Filaments distinct-, rarely as long as the sepals 

 opposite which and at whose bases they are inserted. Anthers introrse. Gynoe- 

 cium of 2 or more united carpels. Ovary 1-celled, sometimes free, variable in 

 shape. Styles 2-5, more or less united. Ovule solitary, amphitropous. Fruit 

 a utricle. Seed solitary, often reniform, with mealy endosperm or this wanting. 

 Embryo spiral in seeds without endosperm or curved or spiral around the endo- 

 sperm when this is present. 



Embryo annular or conduplicate, neither spiral nor coiled : endosperm copious (except in Salicornia) . 

 Leaves normal : endosperm copious. 



Fruit enclosed in the calyx, or equalled by the sepals or bractlets. 



Flowers perfect or some of them pistillate : calyx fleshy or herbaceous. 



Mature calyx without a horizontal wing. 1. CHENOPODIUM. 



Mature calyx with a broad horizontal wing. 2. CYCLOLOMA. 



Flowers dioecious or monoecious : pistillate flowers without a calyx : fruit 



enclosed in 2 bractlets. 3. ATRIPLEX. 



Fruit much surpassing the calyx. 4. CORISPERMUM. 



Leaves reduced to scales or mere ridges : endosperm wanting. 5. SALICORNIA. 



Embryo spirally coiled : endosperm wanting or scant. 



Mature calyx wingless : leaf-blades not spine-tipped. 6. DONDIA. 



Mature calyx with a horizontal wing : leaf-blades spine-tipped. 7. SALSOLA. 



1. CHENOPODIUM L. 



Annual or perennial herbs, with glabrous pubescent glandular or mealy-coated foliage, 

 often pervaded by an aromatic or scented principle. Leaves alternate, various : blades 

 entire, toothed or lobed. Flowers perfect or sometimes dioecious, small, in axillary or 

 terminal congested spikes, with or without bracts. Sepals flat or keeled, persistent. Stamens 

 5 or fewer, hypogynous or somewhat perigynous : filaments filiform, sometimes united. 

 Ovary usually depressed, 1-celled : styles or stigmas 2-5, the latter filiform or subulate. 

 Utricle commonly enveloped in the accrescent calyx, containing a horizontal or vertical 

 seed, with a crustaceous or leathery testa. Endosperm mealy. Embryo completely or 

 partly annular. GOOSEFOOT. PIGWEED. 



A. Embryo forming a complete ring : plants neither glandular nor aromatic. 

 Seed and pericarp firmly attached together. 



Flowering branches longer than the accompanying leaves : mature sepals keeled. 

 Leaves with coarsely toothed blades. 



Lower surface of the leaf-blades decidedly mealy : inflorescence 



dense. 1. C. album. 



Lower surface of the leaf-blades glabrous or glabrate : inflorescence 



lax. 2. C.viride. 



Leaves with entire blades. 3. C. Berlandieri. 



Flowering branches shorter than the accompanying leaves : mature sepals 



not keeled. 4. C. murale. 



Seed and pericarp easily separable from one another. 



a. Foliage and inflorescence pale and copiously mealy, even at maturity. 



Leaf-blades mainly linear, entire. 5. C. leptophyllum. 



Leaf-blades mainly ovate, angulately lobed or toothed. 6. C. albescens. 



