426 CAKYOPHYLLACEAE 



**Petals entire or nearly so, sometimes merely erose. 



Foliage pubescent : leaf-blades lanceolate "to ovate. 12. S. regia. 



Foliage glabrous : leaf-blades narrowly linear-oblong. 13. S. subciliata. 



1. Silene Anglica L. Annual, villous. Stems erect, 2-4 dm. tall, simple or branched r 

 leaves opposite ; blades spatulate or the upper linear, 1.5-3 cm. long, obtuse, apiculate, 

 sessile or the lower ones short-petioled : flowers racemose on the branches : pedicels shorter 

 than the calyx : calyx furnished with long villous hairs ; tube becoming oval, less than 1 

 cm. long ; lobes narrowly lanceolate, about \ as long as the tube : petals pink or crimson, 

 with a paler edge ; blade notched : capsules oval, about 8 mm. long : seeds about 1 mm. 

 broad. 



In waste places, Maine and Ontario to South Carolina. Also on the Pacific slope. Spring and 

 summer. 



2. Silene dlchdtoma Ehrh. Annual or biennial, hirsute and viscid. Stems erect, 

 3-7 dm. tall, branching above : leaves opposite ; blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, 5-8 cm. 

 long, or the upper ones narrower and shorter : flowers in dichotomous racemes, often 

 nodding during anthesis : calyx hirsute, 12-16 mm. long ; tube cylindric, becoming ovoid, 

 with simple green ribs ; lobes ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute : petals white or pink ; blades 

 obovate, 2-cleft : capsules about 1 cm. long. 



In fields and waste places, locally established in the United States. Summer. 



3. Silene noctiflora L. Annual, viscid-pubescent. Stems erect, 2-8 dm. long, 

 simple or branched : leaf-blades thickish, the lower ones spatulate, 5-15 cm. long, obtuse 

 or acutish, those on the upper part of the stem elliptic, oblong or lanceolate, shorter than 

 the lower ones : flowers fragrant : calyx glandular-pubescent ; tube becoming ovoid or 

 elliptic, 1-1.5 cm. long, with green ribs ; lobes lanceolate, twice or thrice shorter than the 

 tube, acute : petals with 2-cleft blades : capsules elliptic or elliptic-ovoid, 1.5-2 cm. long, 

 shining : seeds about 1 mm. in diameter, minutely tuberculate. 



In fields and waste places, New Brunswick to Manitoba, Florida and Missouri. Summer. 



4. Silene antirrhina L. Annual, glabrous or minutely papillose, with viscid patches 

 on the upper internodes. Stems erect, 2-8 dm. tall, simple or much branched : leai-bladee 

 linear to linear-oblong, or the lower ones elliptic, 2-8 cm. long, acute or acutish, entire, 

 sessile, ciliate, especially near the base : flowers inconspicuous : calyx glabrous, 7-9 mm. 

 long; tube delicately ribbed ; lobes triangular or ovate, - as long as the tube : petals 

 nearly linear, about 8 mm. long, deeply notched at the apex, 'the tips white or pink : 

 stamens about as long as the calyx : capsules oblong to oval, slightly longer than the calyx, 

 the tips of the valves spreading : seeds 0.7 mm. broad, gray -black. 



In fields and waste places, Maine to Ontario, British Columbia. Florida, Texas and Mexico. Sum- 

 mer. A very slender state with globose calyx-tubes, occurring in Georgia and Florida, is known as S. 

 antirrhina Hit aria Wood. SLEEPY CATCHFLY. 



5. Silene stellata (L.) Ait. f. Perennial by a stout rootstock, slender, pubescent 

 with short recurved hairs or rarely glabrous, bright green. Stems solitary or several 

 together, simple or branched above, very prominently enlarged at the nodes : leaves in 

 whorls of 4 ; blades ovate or lanceolate, 4-12 cm. long, acuminate, ciliate, abruptly nar- 

 rowed or rounded at the base, sessile : panicle 1-5 dm. long : calyx campanulate, 1-1.5 cm. 

 long, inflated above the middle ; lobes broadly triangular or triangular-ovate, obtuse, A as 

 long as the tube, somewhat spreading : petals white, spatulate, about 2 cm. long, laciniate, 

 the segments often toothed at the tips : filaments nearly as long as the petals : capsules sub- 

 globose or ovoid-globose, smooth, shining, 6-7 mm. in diameter : seeds black, a little more 

 than 1 mm. in diameter. 



In woods, Massachusetts to Minnesota, Georgia and Texas. Summer. STARRY CAMPION. 



6. Silene alba Muhl. Perennial, minutely pubescent or glabrate in age. Stems 

 reclining, 3-8 dm. long, simple or branched : leaves opposite ; blades lanceolate or linear- 

 lanceolate, sometimes slightly broadest above the middle, 4-15 cm. long, acuminate, some- 

 times ciliate, sessile : flowers about 2 cm. long : calyx viscid-pubescent, 1.5-1.8 cm. long ; 

 tube cylindric ; lobes ovate, about \ as long as the tube, obtuse, with hyaline edges : petals 

 white ; claws oblanceolate ; blades broadly oval or suborbicular, shorter than the claws, 

 notched at the apex, with 2 spurs at the base : stamens slightly exserted : capsules ovoid, 

 about 1 cm. long, each on a stout stalk 4-5 mm. long : seeds 1 mm. broad, minutely tuber- 

 dilate. [S. nivea Otth.] 



On river banks, Pennsylvania to Minnesota, Maryland and Tennessee. Summer. 



7. Silene Caroliniana Walt. Perennial, clammy-pubescent. Stems more or less 

 densely tufted, 1-2.5 dm. tall, erect or spreading, simple or sparingly branched : leaf- 

 blades oblanceolate, linear-oblanceolate or spatulate, or the upper ones lanceolate, 3-12 cm. 

 long, acute or apiculate, ciliate, the lower ones slender-petiolecl, the upper ones sessile or 



