NYMPHAEACEAE 457 



edge : berry ovoid, 3-4 cm. long, slightly constricted under the disk : seeds globose, about 

 4 mm. in diameter, shining. [Nuphar advena ( Soland. ) K. Br. ] 



In ponds, pools and slow streams, New Brunswick to the Rocky Mountains, Georgia and Ala- 

 bama. Spring to fall. 



4. Nymphaea orbiculata Small. Perennial by thick rootstocks, robust, pubescent, 

 except the upper surface of the leaf -blades, bright green. Emersed leaves leathery ; blades 

 orbicular, floating, 3-5 dm. in diameter, somewhat crisped, the lobes at the base often 

 conspicuously overlapping, the upper surface very smooth, the lower surface pubescent 

 with short shining silvery hairs, marked with numerous secondary nerves ; petioles vari- 

 able in length, faintly striate, clothed with silky pubescence, like the lower surface of 

 the leaf-blades : flowers about 6 cm. in diameter : sepals oblong-obovate, 5 cm. long, ob- 

 tuse, somewhat eroded, faintly ribbed : stigmatic disk 2 cm. in diameter : berry subglobose, 

 4-5 cm. in diameter : seeds ovoid, 4-5 mm. long, ridged on one side. 



In ponds, southern Georgia and Florida. Spring to fall. 



2. CASTALIA Salisb. 



Perennial aquatic succulent herbs, with stout branching horizontal rootstocks. Leaves 

 peltate, cleft at the base, with elongated submersed petioles : blades floating. Flowers per- 

 fect, showy, white, yellow, pink or blue, solitary and floating at the end of elongated pedun. 

 cles. Sepals 4. Petals numerous, imbricated in many series, grading into the epigynous 

 stamens. Carpels several, united into a several-celled ovary. Stigmas terminal. Ovules 

 numerous, pendulous. Berry with a leathery outer coat, maturing under water. Seeds im- 

 mersed in a pulp, each surrounded by a membranous aril. AVATER LILY. POND LILY. 



Carpels combined only dorsally and ventrally. 1. C. ampla. 

 Carpels combined into a many-celled ovary. 



Corolla white or of a faint blue, pink or a violet tint, sometimes yellowish in the center. 



Outer anthers appendaged : corolla of a blue or violet tint. 2. C. elegans. 

 Outer anthers unappendaged : corolla white or pink-tinged. 



Leaf-blades 0.5-1.5 dm. broad : corollas less than 17 cm. broad. 3. C. odorata. 



Leaf-blades 2-6 dm. broad : corollas over 17 cm. broad. 4. C. rentformia. 



Corolla yellow. 5. C. flam. 



1. Castalia ampla (DC.) Small. Perennial by short, tuber-bearing rootstocks. 

 Leaves with long petioles ; blades suborbicular or oval-orbicular, 1-2 dm. long, acute-den- 

 tate, glabrous, or pubescent beneath, reticulated on the lower surface, the sinus narrowly 

 V-shaped or closed : flowers 7-12 cm. broad : sepals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, 

 green, without purple streaks : petals bright white, like the sepals in shape or varying to 

 elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse or acutish : anthers tipped with the linear connective : berry sub- 

 globose, 2.5-3 cm. broad : seeds subglobose, 1 mm. in diameter. [Nymphaea ampla DC.] 



In lagoons, southern Texas and Mexico. Also in the West Indies and tropical America. Spring 

 to fall. 



2. Castalia eHegans (Hook. ) Greene. Perennial from short slender or stoutish root- 

 stocks. Leaves with slender petioles ; blades floating, oval to suborbicular, 1.5-2 dm. long, 

 obtuse, nearly entire or crenate-repand, glabrous, ribbed and coarsely reticulated beneath : 

 flowers 6-8 cm. broad : sepals lanceolate or oblong, often purplish without and streaked 

 with deep purple lines, obtuse : petals shaped like the sepals or sometimes elliptic, cream 

 colored, the tips blue : anthers tipped with the oblong connective : berry depressed, 2-3.5 

 cm. broad : seeds subglobose, about 5-6 mm. in diameter. 



In ponds and lagoons, Texas to adjacent Mexico. Spring to fall. 



3. Castalia odorata (Dryand. ) Woodv. & Wood. Perennial by stout, simple or spar- 

 ingly branched rootstocks. Leaves with slender petioles ; blades floating, suborbicular or 

 oval, 5-15 cm. long, rounded or notched at the apex, more or less conspicuously undulate, 

 purple beneath ; sinus V-shaped or closed : flowers 7-15 cm. broad, fragrant : sepals oblong 

 or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, green or purplish : petals white or pink, shaped like the sepals 

 or elliptic : berry depressed-globose, 2.5-3 cm. broad : seeds subglobose, 1.5 mm. in 

 diameter. [Nymphaea odorata Dryand.] 



In ponds, lakes and slow rivers, Nova Scotia to Manitoba, Florida and Louisiana. Summer and fall. 



4. Castalia renifdrmis (Walt. ) Nash. Perennial by very stout rootstocks destitute 

 of tubers. Leaves with very thick petioles ; blades floating, suborbicular, 2-6 dm. broad, 

 undulate, glabrous, sometimes purple beneath, the nerves prominent or impressed on the 

 lower surface, the basal lobes acuminate ; sinus V-shaped or closed : flowers apple-scented, 

 18-25 cm. broad : sepals green, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, sometimes scarious-rnargined : 

 petals white, shaped like the sepals or varying to narrowly-elliptic. 



In lakes and lagoons, Georgia and Florida. Spring to fall . 



