BRASSICACEAE 465 



segments narrowly oblong or cuneate : racemes spike-like, 3-10 cm. long : bracts ovate to 

 lanceolate, acuminate : corolla bright yellow, 1.5-2 cm. long, the spur usually a little shorter 

 than the rest of the corolla : crest large, toothed : capsules 1.5-2 cm. long, erect, or as- 

 cending, densely granular : seeds shining, minutely tuberculate-reticulated. 



In dry soil, Missouri to Arkansas, the Indian Territory and Texas. Spring and summer. 



5. Capnoides curvisiliquum (Engelm. ) Kuntze. Annual, stoutish, the foliage. glau- 

 cescent. Stems erect or ascending, simple or branched chiefly at the base : leaves delicate ; 

 blades dissected into mostly cuneate segments : racemes spike-like, 3-10 cm. long : pedicels 

 stoutish, 2-6 mm. long : bracts ovate : corolla bright yellow, 1.5 cm. long, the spur about 

 as long as the rest of the corolla, straight : capsules 2-3 cm. long, 4-angled, curved upward : 

 seeds turgid, finely muriculate, shining, sharp-margined. 



In dry soil, Kansas to Texas. Spring. 



6. Capnoides Halei Small. Annual, glabrous, bright green. Stems branched at the 

 base, the branches spreading or ascending, 1-3 dm. long, simple or sparingly branched : 

 leaves gladcescent beneath, the lower ones with petioles longer than the blades, the upper 

 ones sessile, all dissected ; segments rather coarse, acute : racemes erect, peduncled, 2-5 

 cm. long : bracts ovate to elliptic, acuminate : pedicels 2-5 mm. long, stout : corolla yel- 

 low, about 1.5 cm. long, the spur obtuse, much shorter than the body, the outer petals 

 with thin incised-toothed crests : capsules stoutish, 2 cm. long, straight, erect or nearly so, 

 on short, almost erect pedicels. 



In dry soil, Florida to Louisiana. Spring. 



7. Capnoides aureum (Willd. ) Kuntze. Annual, glabrous. Stems diffusely branch- 

 ing, the branches 1.5-3 cm. tall, sometimes decumbent : leaves often numerous ; blades rather 

 finely dissected : racemes relatively short, few-flowered : pedicels slender, 3-6 mm. long : co- 

 rolla golden yellow, 11-13 mm. long ; the spur barely as long as the body, slightly decurved, 

 the hood or sac merely keeled : capsules spreading or.drooping, hardly 10 mm. long, toru- 

 lose, terete : seeds 10-12, plump, shining but obscurely reticulated, obtuse along the margin. 



In woods or on rocky banks, Nova Scotia to Yukon Territory and Texas. Spring. 



8. Capnoides montanum (Engelm.) Britton. Annual, slender, bright green. Stems 

 branched, sometimes diffusely so, the branches erect or ascending : leaves dissected, 5-13 

 cm. long ; blades rather finely dissected, the ultimate segments narrow: racemes 2-8 cm. 

 long, sometimes dense : bracts oval or ovate : pedicels spreading, 2-6 mm. long : corolla 

 bright yellow, about 1.5 cm. long, the spur straight, as long as the body of the corolla or 

 longer : capsules stout, slightly curved, 2-3 cm. long, smooth, slightly torulose : seeds 

 smooth and shining, slightly acute along the margin. 



In dry soil, South Dakota to Montana, Texas, Utah and Arizona. Spring and summer. 



4. FUMARIA L. 



Annual glaucous herbs, with delicate foliage. Stems erect, prostrate or climbing, 

 sometimes diffusely branched. Leaves alternate : blades finely dissected. Flowers perfect, 

 irregular, white or pink, in terminal or lateral racemes. Sepals 2, scale-like. Petals 4, 

 the 2 outer dissimilar, the one flat the other spurred at the base, the 2 inner narrower, 

 often cohering at the apex. Stamens 6, in 2 groups opposite the outer petals. Ovary as 

 broad as long, with 2 nerviform placentae, one of which is sterile and the other with 1 

 ovule- at the base : style filiform, topped by a slender stigma. Nut subglobose, 1-seeded. 

 Seed not crested. FUMITORY. 



1. Fumaria officinalis L. Foliage glabrous. Stem slender, usually much branched 

 at the base, the branches ascending or spreading, 2-10 dm. long, simple or branched : leaf- 

 blades dissected, the ultimate segments linear or nearly so : racemes slender, 2-10 cm. 

 long, axillary or terminal : pedicels 2-4 mm. long : corolla purplish or flesh-colored, with 

 crimson at the tip, 6-8 mm. long, the spur somewhat shorter than the body of the corolla : 

 nuts slightly flattened, 2-2.5 mm. broad, roughened, emarginate at the apex. 



In waste places, Nova Scotia to Florida and Texas and less abundant in the interior. Adventive 

 from Europe. Summer. 



FAMILY 3. BRASSICACEAE Lindl. MUSTARD FAMILY. 

 Annual or perennial sometimes acaulescent herbs, or shrubby plants, with an 

 acrid watery sap. Leaves alternate : blades entire, toothed or dissected. Flowers 

 perfect, regular (except sometimes inStreptanthus}, in spikes or racemes, or some- 

 times corymbose. Calyx of 4 mostly erect or appressed sepals, the inner pair 

 .lateral, similar to the outer, or more saccate at the base. Corolla of 4 variously 

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