482 BRASSICACEAE 



4. Cardamiue Clematitis Shuttl. Perennial by elongated rootstocks, glabrous, dark 

 green. Steins erect, 1-3 dm. tall, often tufted, simple or rarely sparingly branched above : 

 leaves various, the lower ones with entire suborbicular or reniform more or less angular 

 blades, or sometimes 3-foliolate ; upper leaves entire or nearly 3-foliolate, the segments 

 various : pedicels ascending, 5-12 mm. long : sepals oblong or ovate-oblong, 3-3.5 mm. 

 long, obtuse : petals white, twice or thrice as long as the sepals : pods slender, narrowly 

 linear, 3-3.5 cm. long, beaked, ascending. 



In springy places at high altitudes, Virginia to North Carolina and Alabama. Spring and summer. 



5. Cardamine flexuosa With. Annual or perennial, glabrous, dark green. Stems 

 ascending or spreading, often weak, 1-4 dm. long, leafy, simple or usually branching : 

 leaf-blades pinnately divided or pinnatifid, 1-7 cm. long, the segments broadest above the 

 middle, the terminal one cuneate or cordate at the base : pedicels spreading or ascending, 

 5-10 mm. long : sepals oblong, 1.5-2 mm. long : petals white, about twice as long as the 

 sepals : pods narrowly linear, 1.5-2 cm. long, slightly flattened, ascending or irregularly 

 spreading, beaked. 



In mountain swamps 'and woods, Maine to Michigan and North Carolina. Also in Europe and 

 Asia. Spring and summer. 



6. Cardamine parvifldra L. Annual, slender, glabrous or sparingly pubescent. 

 Stems erect, 0.5-3 dm. tall, often zigzag, more or less branched, sometimes nearly filiform : 

 leaves few ; blades 1-5 cm. long, pinnate, the segments narrow, broadest above the mid- 

 dle, the terminal one sometimes suborbicular: pedicels ascending, 4-10 mm. long : sepals 

 oblong, 1 mm. long, scarious-margined, obtuse: corolla barely 3 mm. broad: petals white, 

 about twice as long as the sepals': pods narrowly linear, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, short-beaked. 



In dry soil and on rocky banks, Quebec to Oregon, southward on the mountains to.Georgia. Also 

 in Europe and Asia. Spring. 



7. Cardamine arenicola Britton. Annual, glabrous. Stems usually much branched 

 at the base, the branches erect or ascending, 1-3 dm. tall, leafly to the inflorescence : leaf- 

 blades pinnately divided, 1-4 cm. long, the segments linear or linear-oblong, obtuse or acut- 

 ish, entire or with 1-2 small teeth : pedicels ascending, 4-6 mm. long : sepals oblong, 

 about 1 mm. long : corolla fully 4 mm. broad : petals white, nearly twice as long as the 

 sepals, obtuse : pods slender, linear, 2 cm. long, erect. 



In moist, usually sandy soil, Connecticut to Kentucky, Florida and Tennessee. Spring. 



8. Cardamine Pennsylvania Muhl. Annual, fleshy, glabrous or nearly so. 

 Stems erect, 2-10 dm. tall, more or less branched, leafy, the branches ascending : leaves vari- 

 able ; blades 4-15 cm. long, pinnate, the segments undulate, toothed or lobed, the termi- 

 nal one much the largest, more or less cuneate at the base : pedicels 4-10 mm. long, 

 ascending : sepals oblong, about 2 mm. long, obtuse : corolla fully 4 mm. broad : petals 

 white, about twice as long as the sepals : pods linear-filiform, ascending, 2-2.5 cm. long, 

 beaked. 



In swamps and low grounds, Newfoundland to Minnesota, Florida and Missouri. Spring. 



9. Cardamine hirsuta L. Annual, slender, more or less densely pubescent. Stems 

 erect, 0.5-2.5 dm. long, simple or branched throughout: leaves mainly basal, 1-6 cm. 

 long ; blades pinnate, the segments broadest above the middle, entire or slightly lobed, 

 the terminal one cuneate or subcordate at the base : pedicels erect or ascending, 4-8 mm. 

 long : sepals oblong, 1-1.5 mm. long, obtuse, usually pubescent at the apex : petals white, 

 about twice as long as the sepals : pods narrowly linear, 2-2.5 cm. long, erect, not beaked. 



In dry or moist soil, Massachusetts to Michigan, North Carolina and Georgia. Also in Europe and 

 Asia. Spring. 



22. LBAVENWORTHIA Torr. 



Low annual or biennial herbs, with scape-like, often tufted, stems and glabrous foliage, 

 or the pubescence, if present, of simple hairs. Leaves mainly basal : blades lyrate-pinnatifid. 

 Flowers perfect, solitary or a few in racemes. Sepals 4, narrow, equal at the base. Cor- 

 olla white, yellow or purplish : petals 4, broadened upward. Stamens 6 : filaments few, 

 unappendaged. Ovary short-stalked : style slender : stigma 2-lobed. Ovules numerous 

 or few. Pods elongated, somewhat inflated, often contracted between the seeds, the valves 

 nefveless. Seeds flattened, in 1 row in each cavity, winged. Embryo straight or nearly 

 BO. Cotyledons as broad as long. The plants flower in the spring. 



Cotyledons orbicular, cordate : radicle straight. 1. L. aurea. 

 Cotyledons oval : radicle oblique. 



Capsules not constricted between the seeds. 



Petals with white or purplish blades : styles less than 3 mm. long. 2. L. uniflora. 



Petals with yellow blades : style over 3 mm. long. 3. L. stylosa. 



Capsules constricted between the seeds. 4. L. torulosa. 



