

SARRACENIACEAE 493 



1. DIONAEA Ellis. 



Characters of the family. FLYTRAP. VENUS' FLYTRAP. 



1. Dionaea muscipula Ellis. Foliage deep green. Leaves thickish, 4-8 cm. long ; 

 petioles spatulate or obovate, naked ; blades suborbicular in outline, cordate at the base, 

 notched at the apex, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad, fringed with long bristles : scape erect, 1-3 dm. 

 tall, simple below, sometimes branched above : cymes 8-10-flowered : pedicels stout, 1-2 

 cm. long : sepals ovate or elliptic-ovate, 7-9 mm. long, acute, serrulate : petals cuneate, 

 11-13 mm. long, truncate and erose at the apex : stamens hardly \ as long as the petals: 

 capsule broadly ovoid, 3-4 mm. high. 



In sandy bogs, near the coast, eastern North Carolina and South Carolina. Spring. 



FAMILY 3. SARRACENIACEAE La Pylaie. PITCHER-PLANT FAMILY. 



Perennial acaulescent herbs, inhabitants of bogs and swamps, living to some 

 extent on decaying organic matter which has fallen into their leaves. Leaves 

 basal, in the form of variously shaped trumpets or pitchers, often highly colored. 

 Flowers perfect, solitary or rarely several at the end of a scape. Perianth 

 of 2 series. Calyx of 5 persistent sepals, subtended by 3 bracts. Corolla of 

 5 hypogynous colored deciduous petals. Androecium of numerous hypogynous 

 stamens. Filaments very short. Anthers introrse. Gynoecium a compound 

 pistil. Ovary 3-5-celled, superior. Styles united into a 5-angled peltate cov- 

 ering. Ovules numerous, anatropous. Fruit a 5-valved capsule with placentae 

 projecting into each cavity. Seeds numerous, minute. 



1. SARRACENIA L. 



Marsh herbs, with horizontal rootstocks. Leaves basal, erect or procumbent, hollow, 

 often variegated, winged or margined on one side, sticky and pubescent within with de- 

 flexed hairs. Scapes erect, naked, 1-flowered. Flowers often showy, nodding, of various 

 colors. Sepals 5, leathery, spreading, persistent. Petals 5, usually broadest above the 

 middle, converging or drooping, deciduous. Stamens numerous. Styles united into a 

 five-angled umbrella-like body, the projections from the angles recurved, introrsely 

 stigmatose. Capsule very much wrinkled or echinate-papillose, locudicidally 5-valved. 

 Seeds anatropous, with a reticulated coat. PITCHER-PLANT. SIDE-SADDLE FLOWER. 

 TRUMPET-LEAF. 



Petal? maroon or reddish brown, rarely varying to yellowish green. 

 Leaves decumbent or ascending, with broad ventral wings. 



Leaves decumbent ; hood inclined : petals 3^1 cm. long. 1. S. pittacina. 



Leaves ascending ; hood erect : petals 4-5 cm. long. 2. S. purpurea. 



Leaves erect with ventral margins. 



Hood acute or acuminate, the margin entire : sepals 2-2.5 cm. long : petals 



3-4 cm. long. 3. S. rubra. 



Hood rounded, the margin wavy: sepals 5-6 cm. long : petals 5-7 cm. long. 4. S. DrummondiL 

 Petals yellow. 



Hood of the leaf erect, not conspicuously reticulate- variegated without. 



Capsules with processes much less than 0.5 mm. high : seeds over 2 mm. long, 



not verrucose. 5. S. flava. 



Capsules with processes 0.5 mm. high : seeds less than 2 mm. long, verrucose. 6. S. Catesbaei. 

 Hood of the leaf arching over the orifice, conspicuously reticulated on the back. 7. S. minor. 



1. Sarracenia psittacina Michx. Leaves 0.5-1.5 dm. long, decumbent, in a basal 

 rosette, variegated, especially above, with white spots and purple veins ; tube club-shaped, 

 with a broad half-obovate wing, contracted at the orifice ; hood strongly incurved, in- 

 flated, subglobose ; scapes erect, 2-4 dm. tall : flowers 3-5 cm. broad : sepals ovate, 2-2.5 

 cm. long, obtuse : petals oblanceolate or spatulate, 3-4 dm. long, rounded or retuse at the 

 apex : style-disk about 3.5 cm. broad, the lobes 2-cleft : capsule 10-14 mm. in diameter. 



In pine-land swamps, Georgia to Florida and Alabama. Spring. 



2. Sarracenia purpurea L. Leaves 1-2 dm. long, ascending, in a basal rosette, often 

 variegated with purple ; tube inflated, with a half-obovate or half-oblanceolate wing, 

 the orifice not contracted ; hood reniform, often notched at the apex, erect or nearly so : 

 scapes erect, 2-4 dm. tall : flowers 5-6 cm. broad : sepals ovate, about 3 cm. long, obtuse : 

 petals fiddle-shaped, 4-5 cm. long, obtuse, purple : style-disk 3-4 cm. broad, the lobes 

 notched : capsule about 1.5 cm. broad. 



In sphagnous swamps, Labrador and Newfoundland to the Rocky Mountains, south to Florida 

 and Alabama. Spring. SIDE-SADDLE FLOWER. 



