ESCALLONIACEAE 505 



12. Heuchera longiflora Rydb. Foliage nearly glabrous except the leaf -blades. 

 Stern 4-6 dm. tall, gland tilar-puberulent above, sometimes with a few scales : leaf-blades 

 reniform or orbicular- reniform, 5-8 cm. broad, merely ciliate : hypanthium oblique, 

 deeply campanulate, glandular-puberulent, gibbous on the shorter side : sepals oblong, 

 obtuse : petals spatulate, with slender claws, purple at the apex, yellowish at the base, 

 about equalling the sepals : stamens included. 



On hillsides, Kentucky and Tennessee. Spring. 



8. MITELLA L. 



Perennial herbs, with slender rootstocks. Stems scape-like. Leaves chiefly basal, with 

 adnate stipules : blades membranous, toothed or lobed, long-petioled. Flowers white or 

 greenish, in slender, interrupted, often secund racemes. Calyx persistent. Sepals 5, spread- 

 ing, valvate. Petals 5, 3-cleft or pinnatifid, the segments hair-like. Stamens 10 : filaments 

 short : anthers reniform or cordate. Ovary superior, 1 -celled : styles 2, short : stigmas 

 capitate. Ovules numerous, borne on parietal placentae. Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved. 

 Seeds numerous with a smooth and shining testa. MITREWOBT. 



1. Mitella diphylla L. Leaves basal ; blades thin, ovate to orbicular-ovate in out- 

 line, 3-5-lobed, 3-8 cm. broad, sparingly pubescent on both sides, cordate, the lobes cre- 

 nate, obtuse, except the terminal one ; petioles erect or nearly so, pubescent with retrorse 

 hairs, much longer than the blades : scapes solitary or several together, 2-4 dm. tall, 

 simple, 2-bracted above the middle : bracts opposite, ovate, crenate or 3-lobed, sessile, 

 smaller than the leaves : inflorescence finely glandular-pubescent : raceme 4-15 cm. long : 

 pedicels 1-2 mm. long : hypanthium campanulate, 3 mm. broad : sepals ovate, about as 

 long as the hypanthium, obtuse : petals 2.5-3 mm. long, pinnatifid, the segments subulate : 

 capsule flattened, broader than high, minutely pubescent, 2-beaked, 2-valved at the apex. 



In woods, Quebec to Minnesota, North Carolina and Missouri. Spring. BISHOP'S CAP. 



9. CHRYSOSPLENIUM L. 



Annual or perennial, often fleshy, diminutive herbs. Stems erect or creeping. Leaves 

 alternate or opposite, without stipules : blades crenate or lobed. Flowers green, axillary 

 or terminal, solitary or several together. Calyx persistent. Sepals 4 or 5, imbricated. 

 Petals wanting. Stamens 8-10 or rarely 4, inserted on the margin of the epigynous disk : 

 filaments short. Ovary inferior, 1-celled, 2-3-lobed above : styles 2, recurved. Ovules 

 numerous, borne on 2 or rarely 3 parietal placentae. Capsule membranous, unequally 

 2-lobed above. Seeds with a smooth or papillose, sometimes pubescent testa. GOLDEN 

 SAXIFRAGE. WATER-CARPET. 



1. Chrysospleiiium Americanum Schwein. Perennial, glabrous, bright green. 

 Stems prostrate or decumbent, 2-20 cm. long, creeping : leaves mainly opposite ; blades 

 suborbicular to orbicular-reniform, 0.5-1.5 cm. broad, crenate or nearly entire, commonly 

 truncate at the base ; petioles much shorter than the blades : flowers axillary, about 3 mm. 

 broad, yellowish, sometimes tinged with purple : sepals 4, ovate, becoming reniform, ob- 

 tuse : petals wanting : stamens erect, commonly 4 : anthers orange-red: capsule 3 mm. 

 high, with two inflated lobes each tipped by a divergent beak: seeds 0.7 mm. broad, 

 minutely pubescent. 



In brooks or wet shady places, Nova Scotia to Saskatchewan, Ohio and on or near the mountains 

 to Georgia. Spring. 



FAMILY 6. ESCALLONIACEAE Dumort. HYDRANGEA FAMILY. 

 Shrubs or trees, or sometimes vines. Leaves mostly opposite : blades sim- 

 ple, often toothed. Flowers commonly perfect, in raceme-like or panicled 

 cymes. Calyx of mostly 4-10 small sepals surmounting the often ribbed hypan- 

 thium, in sterile flowers often conspicuously enlarged. Corolla of 4-10 petals 

 valvate or convolute in the bud. Androecium of 8-many stamens. Filaments 

 subulate or linear. Gynoecium of 2-5 united carpels. Styles rarely, united. 

 Ovules numerous, anatropous. Fruit capsular, sometimes opening through the 

 sides. Seeds numerous. 



Stamens 8-12. 1. HYDRANGEA. 

 Stamens 20-40. 



Upright shrubs : styles distinct or rarely united : capsules 3-5-celled. 2. PHILADELPHIA. 



Vines : styles united : capsules 5-10-celled. 3. DECUMARIA. 



