520 ROSACEAE 



ward. Flowers in terminal corymbs. Hypanthium persistent, rather flat. Sepals 5, 

 nearly as broad as long. Bractlets 5, narrower than the sepals. Petals 5, white, sessile, 

 without claws. Stamens about 20, in 3 series : filaments filiform. Receptacle hemispheric. 

 Pistils numerous. Styles slender, lateral. Stigma truncate. Ovule ascending, amphit- 

 ropous. Achenes turgid, pubescent. 



1. Sibbaldiopsia tiidentata (Soland.) Rydb. Foliage pubescent, bright green. 

 Caudices decumbent, scaly below, sometimes creeping : leaves often clustered ; stipules 

 lanceolate, 5-10 mm. long ; leaflets 3, the blades 1-3 cm. long, cuneate or obovate-cunente, 

 3-toothed at the apex, appressed-pubescent : peduncles 0.5-3 dm. tall, topped by few- 

 flowered corymbose cymes : bractlets mostly oblong : sepals triangular-ovate or ovate, acute, 

 surpassing the bractlets : corolla white, about 1 cm. broad : petals obovateorelliptic-obovate, 

 fully twice as long as the sepals. 



In rocky soil, Greenland to Manitoba, New Jersey and along the mountains to northern Georgia. 

 Spring and summer. 



9. FRAGARIA L. 



Perennial acaulescent often stoloniferous herbs, the foliage usually silky or villous. 

 Leaves basal, with long petioles : blades 3-foliolate. Scapes simple or branched above. 

 Flowers polygamo-dioecious, in terminal cymes. Hypanthium persistent, turbinate. Sepals 

 5, spreading or reflexed, valvate, accompanied by 5 bractlets. Petals 5, white, or rarely 

 reddish, short-clawed. Stamens about 20, in 3 series. Pistils numerous, glabrous, inserted 

 on a conic or hemispheric accrescent receptacle : style lateral, rather persistent : stigma 

 capitate. Ovule solitary, ascending. Achenes crustaceous, numerous, imbedded in or 

 seated on the more or less elongated fleshy receptacle. STRAWBERRY. 



Leaflets sessile or nearly so : achenes superficial. 1. F. Americana. 



Leaflets stalked : achenes in pits. 2. F. Virginiana. 



1. Pragarla Americana (Porter) Britton. Rootstock rather slender. Runners long 

 and slender : leaves erect ; petioles 5-10 cm. long, silky or glabrate ; leaflets 3, the blades 

 rhombic-obovate, 3-8 cm. long, mostly acute, sharply and deeply serrate, the lateral pair 

 oblique : scapes slender, mostly less than 1.5 dm. tall, silky or the hairs finally spreading : 

 corolla white, 1-1.5 cm. broad : fruit conic-ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long, red : achenes superficial. 



In woods and thickets, Newfoundland to North Carolina and New Mexico. Spring. 



2. Fragaria Virginiana Duchesne. Rootstock thick. Runners long and stout ; 

 leaves mostly erect ; petioles 2-30 cm. long, villous ; leaflets 3, the blades rather thick, ob- 

 ovate to oblong, 3-10 cm. long, coarsely toothed, obtuse, deep green, glabrate in age, not 

 glaucous : scape erect, stout, 1.5-5 dm. long, but usually less than 2 dm., villous : sepals 

 and bractlets lanceolate, acute or acuminate : corolla 1.5-2.5 cm. broad : petals obovate, 

 about twice as long as the sepals : fruit hemispheric, 1-1.5 cm. long : achenes in pits. 



In dry soil. Prince Edward's Island to Minnesota, Georgia and the Indian Territory. Spring. A 

 smaller form 3-8 cm. high, with more copiously pubescent foliage, leaflets 2-4 cm. long, almost sessile 

 and broader, and the sepals more acuminate, is F. Virginiana austrdlis Rydb. 



10. DUCHESNEA J. E. Smith. 



Perennial caulescent herbs, with trailing, often creeping branches. Leaves alternate : 

 blades 3-foliolate, petioled. Flowers perfect, pedicelled, axillary. Hypanthium flattish. 

 Sepals 5, accompanied by as many toothed or incised bractlets, which are longer than the 

 sepals. Petals 5, yellow, fugaceous. Stamens numerous. Pistils numerous, inserted- on a 

 depressed-hemispheric receptacle : style lateral. Ovule solitary, ascending. Achenes 

 crustaceous, seated on the dry receptacle. YELLOW or INDIAN STRAWBERRY. 



1. Duchesnea Indica (Andr. ) Focke. Stem usually branched at the base, the 

 branches hirsute or silky with partially appressed hairs, prostrate or ascending, 1-9 dm. 

 long, often creeping : leaflets 3, the blades ovate to obovate, 1-4 cm. long, crenate or ser- 

 rate-crenate, the terminal one cuneate at the base, the lateral ones inequilateral, their nerves 

 prominent beneath : peduncles as long as the subtending bracts or longer : flower solitary : 

 sepals ovate-lanceolate, 6-8 mm. long, abruptly acuminate : bractlets 3-5-toothed : corolla 

 1.6-2 cm. broad : petals 5, yellow, obovate, truncate or retuse at the apex : fruit ovoid or 

 subglobose, 8-10 mm. in diameter. [Fragaria Indica Andr.] 



In waste places, New York to Florida and Alabama. Naturalized from India. Spring to fall. 



