KUTACEAE 675 



4. FAGARA L. 



More or less aromatic shrubs or trees, the bark of the stem sometimes with corky, and 

 spine-armed ridges. Leaves alternate : blades pinnately compound : leaflets with punc- 

 tate, entire or toothed blades. Flowers white or whitish, polygamous, in terminal or 

 rarely axillary panicled or corymbose cymes, or rarely clustered. Sepals 4-5, imbricated. 

 Petals 4-5. Stamens 4-5, reduced in the pistillate flowers. Carpels 1-4, 1-celled, more or 

 less united : styles occasionally nearly distinct. Ovules 2 in each cavity. Fruit nearly 

 similar to that of Xanthoxylum. 



Flowers in axillary cluster-like cymes : sepals and petals 4. 1. F. Fagara. 



Flowers in terminal cymes or corymbs : sepals and petals 3 or 5. 

 Sepals and petals 5 : leaf-blades unequally pinnate. 



Plants unarmed. 2. F.flava. 



Plants armed with prickles. 



Twigs and inflorescence hirsute : leaflets obtuse : seeds smooth. 3. F.fruticosa. 



Twigs and inflorescence glabrous : leaflets acuminate : seeds wrinkled. 4. F. Clava-Herculis. 

 Sepals and petals 3 : leaf-blades equally pinnate. 5. F. coriacea. 



1. Fagara Fagara (L. ) Small. An evergreen shrub or small tree, sometimes 10 m. 

 tall, with zigzag branchlets and puberulent twigs and inflorescence. Leaf -blades pinnately 

 compound, 6-8 cm. long, the rachis winged : leaflets 5-13, the blades leathery, obovate or 

 oval, 1-2 cm. long, sessile or nearly so, usually notched at the apex, shallowly crenate, 

 slightly revolute : flowers in axillary often cluster-like or raceme-like cymes: calyx 1.5 

 mm. broad : sepals triangular-ovate, acute : petals oblong or oblong-ovate, 2.5-3 mm. 

 long, obtuse, concave : stamens longer than the petals : filaments filiform-subulate : car- 

 pels subglobose, 4 mm. in diameter, rugose-tuberculate : seed subglobose, smooth and 

 shining, black. [Xanthoxylum Pterota 1I.B.K.] 



Along or near the coast, Florida to Texas. Also in the West Indies. Spring. WILD LIME. 



2. Fagara flava (Vahl) Krug & Urban. An unarmed evergreen shrub or 

 small tree, sometimes 30 m. tall, its twigs, foliage and inflorescence tomentose, or glabrate 

 in age. Leaf-blades pinnately compound, 1-2 dm. long : leaflets 5-11, the blades oblong 

 or ovate, or the terminal one oval, 3.5-7 cm. long, obtuse, rounded at the apex, slightly 

 crenate or nearly entire, inequilateral, short-petioled, pubescent with stellate hairs when 

 young, becoming glabrous : panicles 0.5-1.5 dm. long : pedicels 1-3 dm. long : flowers in 

 terminal cymes : calyx about 1 mm. broad : sepals triangular-ovate, acutish : petals 5, 

 oblong or oblong-ovate, 2.5 mm. long, recurved, thickish : stamens longer than the petals : 

 ovary glandular-punctate : carpels obovoid, 6 mm. long, glandular-punctate: seeds lentic- 

 ular, 4 mm. broad, faintly reticulated, black. [Xanthoxylum CaribaeumS. Wats., not Lam.] 



In sand, on the Florida Keys. Also in the West Indies. Spring. YELLOW-WOOD. SATIN-WOOD. 



3. Fagara fhiticosa (A. Gray) Small. An aromatic prickly shrub 1-5 m. tall, 

 its twigs, petioles and inflorescence finely hirsute. Leaf-blades pinnately compound or 

 rarely 3-foliolate, 6-10 cm. long ; rachis hirsute : leaflets usually 5-11, the blades ovate, 

 oblong or oval, 1.5-4 cm. long, obtuse, crenate, sessile or nearly so, lustrous above, dull 

 beneath : panicles 1-5 cm. long, hirsute : pedicels 2-3 mm. long : calyx glabrous : sepals 

 linear or linear-subulate, about 1 mm. long, acute : petals elliptic, about 2 mm. long, 

 curved and concave, thickened at the apex : stamens shorter or just about as long as the 

 petals : filaments shorter than the anthers : carpels usually solitary, about 5 mm. in diam- 

 eter, glandular-punctate, apiculate : seeds solitary, obliquely-ovoid, black, shining. [Xan- 

 thoxylum Carolinianum var. fruticosum A. Gray. ] 



On plains and prairies, Arkansas and Texas. Spring. 



4. Fagara Clava-He"rculis (L. ) Small. A glabrate prickly shrub or tree, sometimes 

 17 m. tall with a maximum trunk diameter of 5 dm. Leaf-blades pinnate, 2-3 dm. long, 

 the rachis terete : leaflets 7-11, the blades ovate, 4-5 cm. long, acuminate, appressed-ser- 

 rate, abruptly narrowed at the base into short winged petiolules, all except the terminal 

 one very inequilateral, often somewhat curved : panicles corymbose, 1-2 dm. long : calyx 

 2.5-3 mm. broad : sepals triangular-ovate, obtuse : petals oblong-ovate, 3 mm. long, con- 

 cave, thickened at the obtuse apex : stamens longer than the petals : filaments stout : car- 

 pels 2-5 in a cluster, globose-obovoid, 5-6 mm. in diameter, rugose, apiculate : seeds 1-2 

 in a carpel, globose- oblong, black, coarsely wrinkled. [Xanthoxylum Clava-Herculis L.] 



Along or near the coast, Virginia to Florida, Arkansas and Texas. Spring. PRICKLY ASH. TOOTH- 

 ACHE-TREE. SEA ASH. PEPPER WOOD. 



5. Fagara coriacea (A. Kich. ) Krug & Urban. A tree becoming 6 or 7 m. tall, 

 more or less spine-armed, glabrous or nearly so throughout. Leaf-blades pinnately 4-12-, 

 foliolate, the rachis channeled above : leaflets usually 6-10, the blades 2-6 cm. long, 



