680 BURSERACEAE 



1. Simaruba glauca DC. An evergreen glabrous tree, sometimes 16 m. tall, with a 

 maximum trunk diameter of 5 dm. Leaf-blades 1-3 dm. long : rachis wingless : leaflets 

 6-12, the blades oblong, 4-8 cm. long, apiculate or obtuse at the apex, entire and slightly 

 revolute, bright green and lustrous above, paler and dull beneath, often cuneately narrowed 

 at the base : staminate flowers with 5 triangular-ovate ciliolate sepals, 5 oblong-lanceolate, 

 fleshy, acute or apiculate recurved petals, and 5 glabrous stamens, each with a many- 

 toothed scale at the base : pistillate flowers with 5 ovate sepals, 5 erect fleshy ovate, 

 obliquely-apiculate petals, and a 5-lobed ovary with 5 styles which are recurved and 

 curled above: drupes oval, somewhat oblique, about 2 cm. long, scarlet or dark purple : 

 seeds roughened. 



In sandy soil, southern peninsular Florida and the Keys. Early spring. Also in the West Indies 

 and Brazil. PARADISE-TREE. GUMBO LIMBO. BITTER-WOOD. 



3. AILANTHUS Desf. 



Handsome trees, with a pale bark, sometimes ill-smelling. Leaves alternate : blades 

 unequally pinnate, ample : leaflets numerous, the blades oblique, entire or coarsely- 

 toothed. Flowers polygamo-dioecious, in large terminal panicled racemes. Pedicels sub- 

 tended by small bracts. Sepals 5, imbricated. Disk hemispheric, 10-lobed. Petals 5, 

 valvate, spreading. Stamens mostly 10, inserted at the base of the disk : filaments naked. 

 Ovary 2-5-celled, deeply lobed, the lobes flattened : styles 2-5, united. Samaras solitary 

 or 5 together, elongated, membranous- winged, 1-celled. Endosperm scant. Cotyledons 

 flat, suborbicular. TREE-OF-HEAVEN. 



1. Ailanthus glandulosus Desf. A tree sometimes 30 m. tall, the stout trunk 

 clothed with a pale smoothish bark. Leaf-blades 3-6 dm. long, the rachis nearly terete : 

 leaflets 13-41, the blades lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 7-18 cm. long, acuminate, undu- 

 late, obtuse or subcordate at the base : flowers in panicles varying from 1-3 dm. in length, 

 the staminate with 5 triangular-ovate acute ciliolate sepals, 5 oval involute petals which 

 are 3-4 mm. long and villous near the base within, and 5 stamens whose filaments are villous 

 near the base : pistillate flowers often smaller than staminate : stamens more or less im- 

 perfect: ovary 5-winged, surmounted by the united styles and a large stigma : samara 4-5 

 cm. long, linear-elliptic, curved, the flat seed in the middle. 



In waste places and along streams, more or less extensively naturalized in the United States and 

 southern British America. Native of China. Spring and early summer. 



4. PICRAMNIA Sw. 



Tropical dioecious shrubs or trees, pervaded by a very bitter principle. Leaves alter- 

 nate, without stipules : blades unequally pinnate : leaflets opposite or nearly so. Flowers 

 small, dioecious, clustered in elongated spikes or racemes opposite the leaves. Sepals 3-5, 

 imbricated. Disk flat, lobed. Petals 3-5, narrow, imbricated, inflexed at the apex, rarely 

 wanting. Stamens 3-5, opposite the petals, reduced to linear scales in the pistillate flow- 

 ers: filaments naked, inflexed. Ovary sessile on the disk, 2-3-celled : styles partially 

 united, or rarely wanting : stigmas 2-3, recurved. Ovules 2, pendulous, collateral. 

 Berry oblong, 1-2-celled. Cotyledons undivided. 



1. Ficramnia pentandra Sw. A shrub or small tree, its trunk rarely 1.5 dm. thick, 

 the twigs and inflorescence appressed-pubescent. Leaf-blades 1-3 dm. long, the rachis 

 terete: leaflets 5-7, the blades leathery, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, or rarely ovate, 5-10 

 cm. long, acuminate at both ends or acute at the base, dark green and lustrous above, 

 paler beneath, glabrous : panicles relatively few-flowered, lax : staminate flowers with 

 corollas about 3-3.5 mm. wide : pistillate flowers with narrowly triangular-ovate acute 

 sepals : berries oblong, 10-15 mm. long. 



In sandy soil, southern peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in the West Indies. 



FAMILY 11. BURSERACEAE Kunth. TORCH-WOOD FAMILY. 



Trees, producing a copious resinous sap which hardens into a resin on 

 exposure. Leaves alternate, without stipules : blades unequally pinnate, rarely 

 3-foliolate or 1-foliolate : leaflets with pellucid glands. Inflorescence racemose 

 or paniculate. Flowers perfect or polygamo-dioecious, regular. Calyx of 3-6 

 imbricated or valvate persistent sepals. Disk annular or cup-shaped. Corolla 

 of 3-6 distinct or slightly united deciduous imbricated or valvate petals. 

 Androecium of 6-12 stamens, inserted under the disk. Filaments subulate, dis- 



