730 CYRILLACEAE 



Androecium of 5 or 10 stamens, those opposite the petals shorter. Filaments 

 flattened, distinct. Anthers 2-celled, opening lengthwise. Disk annular, cup- 

 like or cylindric. Gynoecium a single pistil. Ovary 2-5-angled, 2-5-celled. 

 Style commonly wanting. Stigma 2-5-lobed. Ovules 1 or 4 in each cavity, an- 

 atropous, pendulous. Fruit small, crustaceous or spongy, dehiscent or indehis- 

 cent, sometimes winged. Seeds often solitary in each cavity, elongated, with a 

 soft or somewhat mucous testa which merges into the fleshy endosperm. Em- 

 bryo cylindric, axile. 



Racemes lateral : sepals 5, equal : petals contorted, acute : stamens 5 : ovary 2-celled : ovules 2-3 : fruit 

 dehiscent, not winged. 1. CYRILLA. 



Racemes terminal : sepals 5-S, unequal : petals imbricated, obtuse : stamens 10 : ovary 



3^-celled : ovule 1 : fruit indehiscent, winged. 2. CLIFTONIA. 



1. CYRILLA Garden. 



Glabrous shrubs or small trees, with a pale bark. Leaves alternate : blades leathery, 

 commonly broadest above the middle. Flowers small, in slender lateral spike-like racemes 

 arising from the twigs of the present year. Pedicels erect or spreading. Sepals 5, leathery* 

 equal. Petals 5, somewhat leathery, longer than the sepals, involute toward the apex, 

 acute, contorted. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the corolla. Disk cylindric. Ovary 

 elongated, 2-celled, stigma 2-lobed. Ovules 2-3 in each cavity. Capsule slightly elon- 

 gated, 2-celled, opening loculicidally. Seeds pointed at one end, with a membranous 

 testa. Embryo with a stout radicle. IRONWOOD. LEATHER-WOOD. RED OR WHITE 

 TITI. 



Larger leaves 1-4 cm. long : capsule subglobose, 1.5-2 mm. long. 1. C. parvifolia. 



Larger leaves 5-10 cm. long : capsule ovoid, 2.5 mm. long. 2. C. raccmi flora- 



1. Cyrilla parvifdlia Raf. A glabrous evergreen compact and much branched shrub 

 1-2 m. tall. Leaf-blades leathery, oblanceolate or linear-obi anceolate, 1-4 cm. long, acute 

 or apiculate, lustrous above, paler beneath, more or less reticulated : racemes slender, 3-8 

 cm. long : pedicels 1-2 mm. long, commonly surpassing the subulate bracts : sepals trian- 

 gular, 1 mm. long: corolla white, 3-4 mm. broad : petals narrowly elliptic-ovate, 2.5 mm. 

 long, obtuse, thickened at the base and above the midrib : stamens included : capsule sub- 

 globose, 1.5-2 mm. long, slightly granular. 



In swamps and streams, Florida and Louisiana. Spring. 



2. Cyrilla racemiflora L. A much branched glabrous shrub or small tree reaching a 

 height of 10m. and a maximum trunk diameter of 3 dm., the trunks clothed with a close 

 pale or whitish bark. Leaf-blades rather leathery, oblanceolate, obovate or nearly oblong, 

 2-10 cm. long, obtuse, acute or acuminate, more or less strongly reticulated, lustrous 

 above, dull and paler beneath : racemes slender, 8-15 cm. long : pedicels ascending or 

 finally spreading, sometimes surpassed by their subulate bracts : sepals ovate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, 1 mm. long, acute : corolla white, 4-5 mm. broad : petals lanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, 2-2.5 mm. long, acute : capsule ovoid, about 2.5 mm. long, obtuse, minutely 

 granular : seeds narrowly ovoid. 



In swamps and along streams, Virginia to Florida and Texas. Spring and early summer. 



2. CLIFTONIA Gaertn. 



Glabrous shrubs or small trees, with a dark bark. Stems often contorted. Leaves 

 alternate : blades leathery, mostly broadest above the middle. Flowers in terminal racemes. 

 Pedicels drooping. Sepals 5-8, united at the base, unequal. Petals 5-8, narrowed into 

 short claws, hooded at the apex, obtuse. Stamens 10, inserted at the base of the petals : 

 filaments flattened below. Disk cup-like. Ovary elongated, 3-4-celled : stigma 3-4-lobed. 

 Ovules solitary in each cavity. Fruit indehiscent, the angles developing 3-4 wings. Seeds 

 elongated, pointed at both ends, with a soft testa. Embryo with a slender radicle. TITI. 

 BUCKWHEAT-TREE. BLACK TITI. IRON- WOOD. 



1. Clifr.onia monophylla (Lam.) Britton. An evergreen shrub or small tree, reach- 

 ing a height of 6 m. with a trunk diameter of 0.5 m., the trunk clothed with a dark, 

 slightly scaly bark. Leaf-blades leathery, narrowly-elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate, 4-6 

 cm. long, lustrous above, paler beneath, obtuse or acutish, entire, sessile : racemes 2-6 era. 

 long, drooping when young, finally erect: flowers fragrant, 8-10 mm. broad : pedicels slen- 

 der, 2-3 mm. long, subtended by caducous bracts : sepals ovate or orbicular, 0.5 mm. long : 



