732 AQUIFOLIACEAE 



green and lustrous above, pale beneath ; petioles stout : flowers white, the staminate clus- 

 tered, the pistillate often solitary : sepals ovate or triangular-ovate, acute: corolla 5.5-7 

 mm. broad ; lobes obovate, obtuse : drupes globose, 6-8 mm. in diameter, black, shining. 

 [J. coj-iacea (Pursh) Chapm.] 



In swamps, Virginia to Florida and Louisiana. Spring. 



3. Ilex verticillata ( L. ) A. Gray. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 7 m. tall, with 

 glabrous or slightly pubescent twigs. Leaf-blades thickish, elliptic or oval, varying to 

 ovate or obovate, 2-8 cm. long, acute or acuminate at both ends, glabrous or slightly pu- 

 bescent above, more or less tomentose beneath, often strongly reticulated, serrate ; petioles 

 5-10 mm. long : sepals ovate or triangular-ovate, ciliate, acutish : corolla white, 6-7 mm. 

 broad ; lobes obtuse : drupes 6-8 mm. in diameter, red. 



In swamps or low grounds, Nova Scotia to Ontario, Wisconsin, Florida and Missouri. Summer. 

 BLACK ALDER. WINTERBERRY. FEVER-BUSH. 



4. Ilex laevigata (Pursh) A. Gray. 1 A shrub or small tree, rarely 6 m. tall, with 

 glabrous twigs. Leaf-blades thinnish, elliptic or oval or sometimes lanceolate or oblan- 

 ceolate, 3-9 cm. long, acute or mostly acuminate, appressed-serrate, glabrous on both sur- 

 faces or sometimes sparingly pubescent on the nerves beneath, short -petioled : staminate 

 flowers clustered, their pedicels 1-2 cm. long ; pistillate mostly solitary on short pedicels : 

 sepals triangular or ovate-triangular, sometimes ciliate, acute : corolla 6-7 mm. broad, 

 white ; lobes obtuse : drupes subglobose, 8-10 mm. in diameter, orange-red. 



In swamps or wet woods, Maine to Pennsylvania, Georgia and Kentucky. Spring. WINTERBERRY. 



5. Hex Amelanchier M. A. Curtis. A low branching shrub, with more or less per- 

 sistently soft-pubescent foliage. Leaf-blades leathery, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 4-8 cm. 

 long, acute or short-acuminate, inconspicuously serrate, glabrous, dull and finely reticulated 

 above, thinly tomentose beneath, acute or rounded at the base, 6-10 mm. long, pubescent : 

 flowers not seen : drupes globose, 7-10 mm. in diameter, dull red : nutlets strongly 3- 

 ribbed on the back. 



In sandy swamps, North Carolina to Louisiana. Spnng. 



6. Ilex longipes Chapm. A shrub 1-2 m. tall, with widely spreading branches and 

 glabrous or almost glabrous foliage. Leaf-blades rather" leathery, elliptic, varying to 

 broadly oblanceolate or ovate, sometimes oval, short-acuminate, obtuse or acute, dark green 

 and puberulent or glabrous above, more or less pubescent beneath, crenate-serrate, the teeth 

 often tipped with appressed spine-like bristles ; petioles stout, 5-10 mm. long : flowers 

 several in axillary clusters : pedicels 1.2-2 cm. long, or longer at maturity : calyx glabrous : 

 sepals triangular, acute : corolla 6-7 mm. broad, white ; lobes obtuse : drupes globose, 

 red, 6-8 mm. in diameter. 



On rocky banks, North Carolina and Tennessee to Georgia and Alabama. Spring. 



7. Ilex decidua Walt. A much branched shrub or small tree 1-10 m. tall, the trunk 

 sometimes 2.5 dm. in diameter. Leaf-blades thickish, spatulate, oblanceolate, elliptic or 

 elliptic-oblanceolate, 2-6 cm. long, obtuse or retuse at the apex, crenate-serrate, dark green 

 and glabrous above, paler and usually pubescent beneath ; petioles pubescent, 0.5-1 cm. 

 long : flowers several in axillary clusters : pedicels 5-15 mm. long : calyx glabrous or 

 minutely pubescent ; sepals triangular, acute, sometimes ciliate : corolla 4.5-6 mm. broad, 

 white ; lobes 4, obovate or nearly oblong, obtuse : stamens shorter than the corolla-lobes : 

 drupes globose, 7-9 mm. in diameter, orange or nearly scarlet : nutlets strongly ribbed on 

 the back. 



In swamps and along streams, Virginia, Illinois and Kansas to Florida and Texas. Spring. A form 

 with leaves 1-2 cm. long and drupes 4-5 mm. in diameter, is I. decidua Curtissii Fernald; it occurs in 

 Florida. POSSUM HAW. BEARBERRY. 



8. Ilex Caroliniana ( Walt. ) Trelease. A shrub or small tree, rarely 6 m. tall, with 

 puberulent or almost glabrous twigs. Leaf-blades rather thin, broadly oval, varying to 

 ovate or obovate or sometimes elliptic, 4-7 cm. long, acute or short-acuminate, serrate above 

 the middle with appressed bristle-tipped teeth, glabrous, gradually or abruptly attenuate 

 into short petioles : flowers solitary or several in axillary clusters : pedicels 2-5 mm. long : 

 calyx glabrous, 5-6 mm. broad : sepals broadly triangular, acutish, or obtuse in pistillate 

 flowers : corolla 3-4 mm. broad, white ; lobes obtuse : drupes globose-oblong, 6-7 mm. in 

 diameter: nutlets strongly ribbed. [/. ambigua (Michx.) Chapm.] 



In sandy soil, North Carolina to Arkansas, Florida and Texas. Spring. 



9. Ilex mpnticola A. Gray. A shrub or small tree, reaching a height of 12 m. and 

 with a trunk diameter of 3 dm., with almost glabrous foliage. Leaf -blades rather thin, 

 elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate or sometimes suborbicular, 6-20 cm. long, acuminate, serrate, 



1 Including /. lanceolata (Pursh) Chapm. 



