LOASACEAE 809 



by filiform or petal-like staminodia. Anthers introrse. Gynoecium of 2-5 united 

 carpels. Ovary 1-celled, inferior. Styles 2-5, sometimes united. Ovules solitary 

 or numerous at the top of the cavity or on parietal placentae. Fruit a ribbed or 

 angled straight or spiral capsule. Seed with a membranous, cellular or reticu- 

 lated testa. Embryo straight in the fleshy or rarely horny endosperm or this 

 wanting. 



Stamens numerous : style lobed : capsules several-many-seeded. 

 Filaments inserted below the petals : style 3-lobed : placentae 3. 



Outer filaments not petal-like : seeds in 1 row, ascending, angled, wingless. 1. MENTZELIA. 



Outer filaments petal-like : seeds in two rows, horizontal, flattened, winged. 2. TOUTEREA. 



Filaments inserted with the petals and adnate to their bases : style 5-lobed : pla- 

 centae 5. 3. EUCNIDE. 

 Stamens 5 : style entire : capsules 1-seeded. 4. CEVALLIA. 



1. MENTZELIA L. 



Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, usually armed to the corolla with hooked or 

 barbed rigid hairs. Bark often papery. Leaves alternate : blades relatively broad, sinuate, 

 or lobed. Sepals 5, persistent. Petals 5, equal, deciduous. Stamens numerous. Ovary 

 with 3 parietal placentae. Capsule dry, irregularly opening or3-valved at the top. Seeds' 

 several, angled, ascending, wingless. 



Flowers and capsules sessile in the forks of the branches : petals abruptly pointed. 1. M. bligosperma. 

 Flowers and capsules short-pedicelled : petals truncate and often with a minute 



apiculation. 2. M. Floridana. 



1. Mentzelia oligosperma Nutt. Stems erect or ascending, 3-10 dm. long, branched 

 at the base or throughout, sometimes diffusely so, brittle : leaf-blades ovate to oblong, more 

 or less rhombic, 1.5-6 cm. long, coarsely toothed or slightly lobed : flowers sessile : hypan- 

 thium bristly : sepals narrowly linear-lanceolate, 5-7 mm. long, rigid : petals yellow, 

 obovate or elliptic-obovate, 8-9 mm. long, abruptly pointed, barely distinguishable into 

 blade and claw : capsules cylindric-prismatic, nearly 2 cm. long. 



On prairies and plains, Illinois to Colorado, Louisiana, Texas and Mexico. Spring and summer. 



2. Mentzelia Floridana Nutt. Stems branching at the base, the branches trailing or 

 climbing, 5-18 dm. long, pale : leaf-blades firm, ovate to deltoid-ovate, 2-8 cm. long, 3-lobed, 

 toothed, acute at the apex, truncate at the base, the terminal lobe the largest : hypanthium 

 densely pubescent : sepals lanceolate, 5-6 mm. long, acuminate : corolla golden yellow, 

 fully 2 cm. broad : petals cuneate, truncate, and often with a minute apiculation, spreading : 

 capsules cylindric-prismatic, 1-1.5 cm. long, 6-seeded. 



In sandy soil, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Spring and summer. 



2. TOUTEREA Eaton & Wright. 



Herbs, pubescent like Mentzelia, with diffuse or climbing stems. Leaves alternate : 

 blades relatively long and narrow, sinuate or pinnatifid. Sepals 5, persistent. Petals 5, 

 often apparently 10 on account of the petal-like outer filaments. Stamens numerous : fila- 

 ments various, the outer petal-like. Ovules in 2 rows on each placenta. Capsule rela- 

 tively stout. Seeds numerous, horizontal, flattened, winged. The plants flower mainly in 

 the summer. 



Petals less than 1 cm. long: sepals about % as long as the capsule. 1. T. Wrightii. 

 Petals over 1 cm. long : sepals about % as long as the capsule. 



Petals 1.5-2 cm. long : capsules about 5 mm. thick 2. T. multiflora. 



Petals 2.5-3.5 cm. long : capsules about 10 mm. thick. 3. T. stricta. 



1. Touterea Wrightii (A. Gray) Kydb. Stem 3-9 dm. tall, somewhat corymbose 

 above : stem-leaves few ; blades oblong to lanceolate, 2-8 cm. long, sinuate, rather obtuse : 

 flowers several : sepals lanceolate, acuminate, about J as long as the mature hypanthium : 

 petals ochroleucous, 5-8 mm. long, obtuse: capsules cylindric, 2-2.5 cm. long. 



On plains and prairies, Texas and New Mexico. 



2. Touterea multiflora (A. Gray) Eydb. Stem 3-8 dm. tall, widely corymbose 

 above : leaf- blades oblanceolate on the lower part of the stem to narrowly oblong or lance- 

 olate above, 2-10 cm. long, pinnatifid, the teeth narrow, mainly acute : sepals lanceolate 

 from a narrow base, about as long as the mature bypanthium : petals golden yellow, 1.5-2 

 cm. long, abruptly pointed : capsules slender, about 5 mm. thick. 



In dry or stony soil, Colorado to Texas and New Mexico. 



