854 HEDEEACEAE 



5. Svida Priceae Small. A branching shrub 1-2 m. tall, with red finely pubescent 

 twigs. Leaves numerous ; blades elliptic to ovate-elliptic or ovate, 5-12 cm. long, usually 

 acuminate, deep green and roughish pubescent above, pale and more copiously but more 

 softly pubescent and prominently nerved beneath ; petioles 1-2 cm. long, pubescent like the 

 twigs : corymbs 4-6 cm. broad at maturity : drupe about 3 mm. in diameter, subglobose, 

 white : stone 2.5 mm. long, slightly longer than broad, faintly ribbed. [ C'ornus Priceae 

 Small.] 



On river banks, southern Kentucky and northern Tennessee. Spring. 



6. Svida asperif olia ( Michx. ) Small. A shrub 1-5 m. tall, with reddish brown twigs 

 and rough pubescent foliage. Leaves opposite ; blades firm, ovate to elliptic or oval, 4-15 

 cm. long, acuminate, prominently nerved beneath, acute to subcordate at the base, the pubes- 

 cence less harsh beneath than above ; petioles 4-18 mm. long : cymes 3-6 cm. broad, often 

 paniculate : hypanthium minutely pubescent : sepals triangular, 0.5 mm. high, acute : petals 

 lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, recurved : stamens about as long as the petals : 

 drupe subglobose, 5-6 mm. in diameter, white : stone oblique, about 3 mm. broad, very 

 slightly angled, furrowed around the edge. [Cornus asperifolia Michx.] 



In low grounds or moist banks, Ontario to Iowa, south to Alabama and Texas. Early summer. 



7. Svida Amomum ( Mill. ) Small. A shrub 1-4 m. tall, with slightly pubescent foliage 

 and purple branchlets. Leaves opposite ; blades firm, varying from lanceolate to broadly 

 ovate, acuminate, glabrate above, silky or rusty-pubescent beneath, acute or rounded at 

 the base ; petioles 0.5-1.5 cm. long : cymes rather densely flowered, 5-10 cm. broad : hypan- 

 thium urn-shaped : sepals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, about as long as the tube : petals 

 linear-lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, spreading or recurved : stamens shorter than the petals : 

 drupe subglobose, pale blue, 6-8 : stone oblique, about 5 mm. in diameter, usually pointed 

 at both ends, broader than high, sharply longitudinally ridged. [Cornus sericea L. ] 



Along streams, New Brunswick to Ontario and Dakota, south to Florida and Texas. Spring. 



4. CYNOXYLON Raf. 



Trees, with spreading branches and a very rough bark. Leaves opposite : blades 

 rather thick, prominently several-nerved, entire. Flowers perfect, in d.ense clusters sub- 

 tended by conspicuous involucres of usually 4 petal-like bracts. Sepals erect, about as broad 

 as long, persistent. Corolla greenish or yellow-green : petals 4, valvate. Stamens 4, ex- 

 serted. Filaments slender. Ovary 2-celled, sessile : styles united : stigma depressed, 

 Ovules solitary in each cavity, pendulous, anatropous. Drupe manifestly elongated, red, 

 with a somewhat elongated stone. FLOWERING DOGWOOD. 



1. Cynoxylon floridum (L. ) Raf. A shrub or small tree sometimes 15 m. tall, with a 

 maximum trunk diameter of about 0.5 m., the bark black, in high ridges, the wood hard 

 and close-grained. Leaf-blades elliptic to oval, 6-18 cm. long, acute or short-acuminate 

 at both ends, bright green and sparingly pubescent above, pale and more densely pubescent 

 beneath, short-petioled : bracts showy, white or pink, obovate, 4-6 cm. long, notched and 

 thickened at the apex : hypanthium cylindric-funnelform : sepals as broad as long : petals 

 linear, 3-4.5 mm. long, obtuse, curled back : stamens exserted : drupes oblong, usually 

 clustered, about 1.5 cm. long, red : stone elliptic, rather pointed at both ends, 2-grooved. 

 [ Cornus florida L.] 



In woods with deciduous-leaved trees, Massachusetts to Ontario and Missouri, south to Florida, 

 Texas and Mexico. Spring ; fruit ripening in the fall. DOGWOOD. 



FAMILY 2. HEDERACEAE L. IVY FAMILY. 



Aromatic herbs, shrubs, trees or vines, possessing stimulant and somewhat 

 tonic properties. Leaves alternate or whorled : blades simple or compound. 

 Inflorescence variously disposed, the ultimate divisions often umbels. Flowers 

 perfect or polygamous, regular, sometimes involucrate. Calyx of 5 sepals, these 

 sometimes very short. Corolla of five or ten valvate petals, inserted in the 

 margin of an epigynous disk. Androecium of 5 or 10 stamens inserted with the 

 petals, and alternate with them. Filaments short, distinct. Anthers introrse. 

 Gynoecium of 2-5 united carpels. Ovary 2-5-celled, crowned with an epigynous 

 disk. Styles as many as the cavities of the ovary, spreading or converging, 

 sometimes united. Stigma simple. Ovules solitary, anatropous. Fruit a berry 



