SPIGELIACEAE 923 



beneath : inflorescence subtended by a whorl of bracts larger than the leaves : spikes 5-15 

 cm. long : calyx-lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm. long : corolla 5-9 mm. long, 

 inconspicuous : capsules 5-6 mm. broad, copiously tuberculate. 



In sandy soil and fields, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in tropical America. 



2. Spigelia Marylandica L. Perennial, nearly glabrous, dark green. Stem branched 

 from the base ; branches 2-6 cm. tall, slender : leaf -blades ovate or lanceolate, sometimes 

 elliptic, 3-10 cm. long, acuminate or rarely acute, sessile, rounded at the base, three- 

 nerved or five-nerved, sometimes very sparingly pubescent, especially on the nerves : 

 spikes one-sided, more or less recurved, 5-15 cm. long : calyx slender ; lobes nearly subu- 

 late, long-pointed, the tips pubescent : corolla showy, somewhat club-shaped, 4-5 cm. 

 long, scarlet without, yellow within ; lobes usually lanceolate, acute, ^ or | as long as the 

 tube : capsules 7-11 mm. broad, smooth. 



In dry woods and on hillsides, New Jersey to Wisconsin, south to Florida and Texas. Spring. 

 INDIAN or CAROLINA PINK. PINK-KOOT. 



3. Spigelia gentianoides Chapm. Perennial, light green, sometimes glaucescent. Stem 

 usually branched at the base ; branches 2-3 dm. tall, rarely branched above, puberulent : 

 leaf-blades ovate, sometimes ovate-lanceolate near the base of the stem or nearly orbicular, 

 1.5-5 cm. long, obtuse or acute, the uppermost sometimes acuminate, nearly glabrous, 

 sessile, the bases rounded : spikes few-flowered : calyx slender ; lobes 7-9 mm. long, 

 linear-subulate, ciliate, the tips dark green : corolla white or purplish without, 1.5-2.5 cm. 

 long ; lobes 33- as long as the tube, erect or converging : stamens included : style included. 



In light dry soil, western Florida. Spring. 



3. CYNOCTONUM J. F. Gmel. 



Caulescent herbs, often with short rootstocks. Leaves opposite : blades entire, 

 leathery, sometimes finely nerved : stipules small, entire. Flowers white or slightly 

 colored, in terminal compound cymes, whose ultimate divisions are secund spikes or 

 spike-like racemes. Calyx shorter than the corolla, usually 5-lobed. Corolla urn-shaped : 

 tube often swollen below and contracted at the throat, which is usually closed by jointed 

 hairs : lobes 5, spreading or converging. Stamens 5, included, adnate to the corolla-tube. 

 Ovary 2-celled, terminating in 2 styles, whose tips are more or less united when young, 

 but at length distinct. Ovules numerous, attached to peltate placentae. Capsule mitre- 

 shaped, tipped with 2 curved horns. Seeds smooth or variously roughened. The plants 

 flower mainly in the summer and fall. [ Miireola K. Br. ] MITREWOBT. 



Leaf-blades more or less petioled, membranous : inflorescence lax. 1. C. Mitreola. 

 Leaf blades sessile, fleshy-leathery : inflorescence dense. 



Leaf-blades ovate, oval or orbicular. 2. C. sessilifolium. 



Leaf-blades linear, linear-oblong or narrowly lanceolate. 3. C. angustifolium. 



1. Cynoctonum Mitreola (L. ) Britton. Deep green. Stems 1-7 dm. tall, some- 

 times branched throughout, slightly four-angled : leaf-blades rather membranous, elliptic- 

 oblong, ovate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, the lowest sometimes oblanceolate, 1.5-8 

 cm. long, acute or acuminate, spreading, not prominently nerved, narrowed at the base, 

 petioled : calyx campanulate, about 1 mm. long, sessile ; lobes ovate, entire, about as long 

 as the tube : corolla about 2 mm. long, marked with dark stripes, constricted at the throat 

 and closed by a ring of jointed hairs, its tube purplish, longer than the white, rather acute, 

 converging 3-nerved lobes : capsule 2-2.5 mm. long, its two horns slightly longer than the 

 body. [ Mitreola petiolata (Walt.) T. & G.] 



In damp or muddy places, Virginia to Texas and Mexico and Florida. Also in the West Indies. 



2. Cynoctonum sessilifolium (Walt.) J. F. Gmel. Pale green. Stems 1-5 dm. 

 tall, simple, virgate, four-angled leaf-blades almost leathery, ovate or orbicular, 1-5 

 cm. long, obtuse or apiculate at the apex, sessile, appressed to the stem, often revolute and 

 prominently nerved beneath : calyx campanulate, 1 mm. high ; lobes lanceolate, obtuse, 

 denticulate : corolla nearly 1 mm. long, surpassing the calyx, marked with dark stripes, 

 expanding at the throat which is stopped by jointed hairs ; tube longer than the ovate- 

 oblong, acute or acutish 3-nerved lobes : capsule nearly oblong or subglobose, 4 mm. long, 

 yellowish, almost smooth. 



In low grounds and sandy bogs, North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 



3. Cynoctonum angustifolium (T. & G. ) Small. Pale green and Sabbatia-like. 

 Stems 2-6 dm. tall, virgate : leaf -blades narrowly oblong to lanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, ob- 

 tuse or acutish at the apex, sessile or the lowest pair narrowed into short petiole-like bases, 



