GENTIANACEAE 931 



or ovate, acute, shorter than the tube: corolla blue, or purplish or rarely white, 2.5-3.5 

 cm. long, stout-clavate ; lobes minute or obsolete, shorter than the broad fimbriate-toothed 

 pale or white plaits: capsule-body 2-2.5 cm. long: seeds conspicuously winged. [Gen- 

 tiana Andrewsii Griseb. ] 



In moist soil or thickets, Quebec to the Northwest Territory, Georgia and Missouri. 



7. Dasystephana villosa (L. ) Small. Stem 1-6 dm. tall, glabrous : leaf-blades spat- 

 ulate to obovate, oblong or oval, 2-8 cm. long, those on the lower part on the stem often 

 much smaller than those on the upper : flowers clustered, sessile : calyx 3-5 cm. long ; lobes 

 linear to linear-spatulate, much longer than the thin glabrous tube, sometimes surpassing 

 the corolla, smooth-edged: corolla greenish white or purplish green, 4-5.5 cm. long, 

 funnelform ; lobes ovate or triangular-ovate, erect, much longer than the oblique entire or 

 sparingly toothed appendages : capsule-body 2.5-3 cm. long, longer than the stipe : seeds 

 wingless. [Gentiana villosa L. G. ochroleuca Froel.] 



In shaded places, New Jersey and Pennsylvania to Florida and Louisiana. 



8. Dasystephana Porphyrio ( J. F. Gmel. ) Small. Stems 1.5-4.5 dm. tall, glabrous : 

 leaf-blades linear-spatulate to linear, 2-6.5 cm. long : flowers solitary, pedicelled : calyx 

 2.5-3 cm. long ; lobes narrowly linear, longer than the tube : corolla deep or brilliant 

 azure-blue, or rarely nearly white, 4-5.5 cm. long, funnelform ; lobes ovate, much longer 

 than the broad fimbriate plaits : capsule-body about 1.5cm. long, shorter than the stipe : 

 seeds wingless. [Gentiana Porphyrio J. F. Gmel. G. anguslifolia Michx.] 



In moist pine lands, New Jersey to Florida. 



8. FRASERA Walt. 



Biennial or perennial herbs, with hollow stems and glabrous foliage. Leaves opposite 

 or whorled : blades entire, thickish. Flowers in terminal panicled cymes. Calyx pedi- 

 celled : tube short : lobes 4, narrow. Corolla whitish, yellowish or blue, rotate : tube short : 

 lobes 4, convolute, each furnished with 1 or 2 fringed glands on the inner side. Stamens 

 4, adnate to the throat of the corolla-tube : filaments distinct or united at the base : anthers 

 versatile. Ovary 1-celled : stigma nearly entire, or 2-Jobed. Capsule leathery, somewhat 

 flattened, 2-valved. Seeds flattened, margined or winged. AMERICAN COLUMBO. 



1. Frasera Carolin6nsis Walt. Stems erect, 1-2.5 m. tall, stout: leaves ususally in 

 whorls of 4 ; blades spatulate to oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 dm. long, acute or 

 acuminate, the lower narrowed into winged petiole-like bases, the upper sessile : pedicels 

 becoming 3-6 cm. long: calyx glabrous ; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 1-1.5 cm. long, 

 acuminate : corolla ochroleucous, dotted with purple, 2.5-3 cm. broad ; lobes broadly 

 oblong or oval, each with a fringed gland just below the middle : capsules ovoid, 2 cm. 

 long, acute : seeds 7-8 mm. long, granular. 



In woods, Ontario to Michigan, Georgia, Tennessee and Alabama. Spring and summer. 



9. TETRAGONANTHUS J. F. Gmel. 



Annual or perennial caulescent herbs, with glabrous foliage. Leaves opposite : blades 

 entire, leathery. Flowers in terminal or axillary cymes or panicles. Calyx pedicelled : 

 tube short : lobes 4, longer than the tube. Corolla white, yellow, blue or purple : tube 

 short : lobes 4, each produced into a spur at the base ; this glandular within at the apex. 

 Stamens 4, adnate on the lower part of the corolla-tube : filaments filiform or dilated at the 

 base : anthers versatile. Ovary 1-celled, with more or less intruded placentae : style stout 

 or wanting : stigma 2-lobed. Ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid to oblong, 2-valved. 

 Seeds often slightly flattened. Testa smooth. [Halenia Borck.] SPURRED GENTIAN. 



1. Tetragonanthus defle"xus (J. E. Smith) Kuntze. Stems simple or sparingly 

 branched, 1-5 dm. tall : leaf -blades often spatulate and petioled at the base of the stem, 

 ovate to oblong or lanceolate above, 2-6 cm. long, or shorter above, obtuse or acute, 3-5- 

 nerved, entire, sessile : calyx glabrous ; lobes narrow, constricted below the middle, acute : 

 corolla white or purplish, 6-8 mm. broad : lobes ovate or triangular-lanceolate, acute ; spurs 

 or ^ as long as the corolla, deflexed : capsules 10-14 mm. long, conic-oblong, acute. 



In woods and thickets, Labrador to South Dakota, south to New York, Michigan and the Indian 

 Territory. Summer. 



10. BARTONIA Muhl. 



Annual or biennial slender caulescent herbs, with glabrous foliage. Leaves reduced to 

 scales ; these opposite or sometimes alternate. Flowers in terminal racemes or panicles, or 



