976 



POLEMONIACEAE 



FAMILY 5. POLEMONIACEAE Vent. PHLOX FAMILY. 



Annual or usually perennial herbs or shrubby plants. Leaves alternate or 

 opposite, often crowded : blades entire or pinnately compound. Inflorescence 

 paniculate, corymbose, sometimes clustered. Flowers perfect, regular or nearly 

 so. Calyx of 5 partially united sepals. Corolla regular : limb five-lobed : lobes 

 convolute in aestivation. Androecium of 5 often unequal stamens adnate to 

 the corolla-tube. Anthers opening lengthwise and introrsely. Gynoecium of a 

 single carpel. Ovary 3-celled with a thick axis. Styles united. Stigmas 3. 

 Ovules solitary, erect, anatropous, or several in two series, ascending, amphitro- 

 pous. Fruit a 3-celled loculicidal capsule : valves usually separating from the 

 central axis to which the seeds are attached. Seeds solitary or several in each 

 cavity, with a spongy or mucilaginous testa. Endosperm fleshy or horny. 

 Embryo straight, axile. 



Calyx-tube distended and ruptured by the capsule at maturity. 



Corolla salverform : leaves opposite ; blades entire. 1. PHLOX. 



Corolla funnelform or rotate (in our species) : leaves often alternate ; blades 



commonly pinnatlfid. 2. GILIA. 



Calyx-tube neither distended nor ruptured at maturity. 3. POLEMONIUM. 



1. PHLOX L. 



Annual or usually perennial, sometimes shrubby herbs, with erect or diffuse and creep- 

 ing steins. Leaves opposite, or sometimes alternate above : blades entire. Flowers in 

 terminal corymbose or panicled cymes. Calyx pedicelled : tube narrow, 5-ribbed : lobes 

 5, often tooth-like. Corolla white, blue, purple or red, salverform : tube slender : lobes 

 spreading, obovate to orbicular, or obcordate. Stamens 5, included. Filaments, unequally 

 adnate to the corolla-tube. Ovules 1-5 in each cavity. Capsule included in the calyx- 

 tube which it ruptures at maturity. Seeds sometimes narrowly winged, not emitting spiral 

 threads when wetted. 



Calyx-lobes fully as long as the tube or much longer. 

 Annual plants. 



Corolla-tube not surpassing the calyx, glabrous : ovules 4 or 5 in each cavity. 

 Corolla-tube surpassing the calyx, pubescent : ovule 1 in each cavity. 

 Leaves mostly alternate ; blades thin. 



Stems mostly less than 10 cm. long : leaf-blades narrowed at the base : 



corolla-lobes about 6 mm. long. 

 Stems mostly over 10 cm. long: leaf-blades broadest at the base: 



corolla-lobes about 10 mm. long. 

 Leaves mostly opposite ; blades thick. 



Stems villous-hirsute : leaf-blades bristly : capsules oblong. 



Stems scabrous-pubescent : leaf-blades slightly pubescent : capsules 



subglobose. 

 Perennial plants. 



Plants with prostrate or creeping sterile shoots. 



Leaf-blades of theisterile shoots of a spatulate.type, petioled. 

 Leaf-blades of the sterile shoots of an elliptic or oblong type, sessile. 

 Plants without prostrate or creeping sterile shoots. 

 Calyx-lobes linear-subulate, the tips not bristle-like. 



Cymes compact, involucrate : capsules less than 4 mm. long. 

 Upper leaves with blunt or merely acute blades. 

 Upper leaves with somewhat acuminate blades. 

 Cymes open, not involucrate : capsules fully 5 mm. long. 

 Calyx-lobes with bristle-like tips. 



Calyx copiously pubescent : branches of ;the inflorescence closely pubes- 

 cent. 

 Calyx glabrous or nearly so : branches of the inflorescence glabrous or 



with few scattered hairs. 

 Calyx-lobes shorter than the tube, sometimes apparently. longer by the splitting of 



the sinuses. 

 Stems prostrate, spreading, forming large mats. 



Leaves little if at all clustered : corolla-lobes cleft to the middle or below it. 

 Leaves conspicuously or densely clustered : corolla-lobes entire or notched. 

 Calyx 4-6 mm. long : plants forming dense mats. 



Upper part of plant glandular : corolla-lobes deeply notched. 

 Upper part of plant not glandular: corolla-lobes shallowly notched. 

 Calyx 8-10 mm. long : plants not in dense mats. 

 Stems erect or ascending, not forming mats. 



A. Calyx-lobes lanceolate, subulate-lanceolate or nearly triangular. 

 a. Calyx-lobes % or % as long as the tube. 



Upper leaf-blades with broadly rounded or cordate bases ; lower leaves 



with petioled blades. 17. P. ovata. 



Upper leaf-blades obtuse or acute at the base ; lower leaves with sessile 



blades. 18. P. glaberrima. 



1. P. Rotmcriana. 



2. P. tennis. 



3. P. DrummondiL 



4. P. 



5. P. afpera. 



6. P. replant. 



7. P. divaricata. 



8. P. amoena. 



9. P. Liyhthipei. 

 10. P. Floridana. 



11. P.pilom. 



12. P. detonw, 



13. P. bifida. 



14. P. Bnttonii. 



15. P. subulato. 



16. P. Hentzii. 



