HELIOTKOPIACEAE 1 005 



stamens included : fruit depressed, lobed, 2.5-3 mm. broad with 2-3 nutlets, or sometimes 

 solitary. 



In sand, Florida Keys. Also in the West Indies and tropical America. 



2. Tournefortia gnaphaloides (Jacq.) K. Br. An erect somewhat fleshy shrub, 

 3-12 dm. tall, with silky tomentose foliage. Leaves numerous; blades linear-spatulate, 

 4-10 cm. long, obtuse, often imbricated : cymes with 2-4 recurved branches : calyx cam- 

 pannlate ; lobes 2-3 mm. long, oblong : corolla white, surpassing the calyx : stamens, in- 

 cluded : fruit ovoid, 5 mm. high, black, with 2 nutlets. 



Along the coast. Florida Keys. Also in the West Indies. 



2. HELIOTROPIUM L. 



Annual or perennial caulescent herbs or shrubs, with usually pubescent foliage. 

 Leaves alternate or rarely nearly opposite : blades various. Flowers usually in terminal 

 often scorpioid spikes or racemes, or rarely axillary. Calyx -lobes 5, narrow. Corolla 

 often colored : tube cylindric, often naked at the throat : lobes 5, imbricated or induplicate, 

 inflexed at the tip. Stamens 5, included : filaments short, adnate to the corolla-tube. 

 Anther-sacs sometimes appendaged at the tip. Ovary 4-celled or 2-celled, with 2 more or 

 less intruding placentae : styles united. Ovules pendulous from lateral attachments. Fruit 

 x 4-grooved or 4-lobed, or sometimes didymous, but separating into 4 nutlets. The plants 

 flower mainly from spring to fall. HELIOTROPE. 



Anthers unappendaged. 



The 4 nutlets of the fruit early separating from each other. 



Foliage pubescent : anthers obtuse or merely mucronate. 1. //. Europaeum. 



Foliage merely glaucous : anthers acuminate. 2. H. Curassamcuni . 



The nutlets of the fruit persistently united by pairs, ultimately separating. 



Each nutlet 2-celled and 2-seeded. 3. //. parviflomm. 



Each nutlet with 2 seed-bearing and 2-4 empty cavities. 4. H. Indicum. 



Anthers terminating in an appendage, sometimes glandular-hairy. 

 Inflorescence bractless. 



Fruit 4-lobed, about 1.5 mm. broad : corolla-lobes acute. 5. H. inundatum. 



Fruit 2-lobed, 2.5-3 mm. broad : corolla-lobes obtuse. 6. //. glabriusculnm. 



Inflorescence bracted. 



Spikes or racemes scorpioid. 



Corolla golden yellow. 7. //. Leavenworthii. 



Corolla white. 8. //. polyphyllum. 



Spikes or racemes not scorpioid. 



Flowers terminating short branchlets. 9. H. tfnellum. 



Flowers, or some of them, sessile in the axils of leaf-like bracts. 



Perennial plants : foliage silky hirsute. 10. H. con ferti folium. 



Annual plants, strigose-hirsute. 11. H. phyllottachyum. 



1. Heliotropium Europaeum L. Annual, cinereous-pubescent. Stems 1-5 dm. tall, 

 branching : leaf-blades oblong or oval, sometimes varying to ovate or obovate, 2-6 cm. 

 long, obtuse or acutish, undulate ; petioles about as long as the blades or shorter : spikes 

 solitary or several together, elongating in age, scorpioid : calyx sessile ; lobes oblong or 

 oblong-lanceolate, 2 mm. long : corolla white or bluish ; tube about as long as the calyx ; 

 limb angulately 5-lobed, 3-4 mm. broad : fruit broader than high, about 3 mm. broad : 

 nutlets slightly hispid. 



In waste places, New York to Florida. Naturalized from Europe. 



2. Heliotropium Curassavicum L. Annual, or mostly perennial, fleshy, glaucous. 

 Stems diffusely branched, the branches 1-4 dm. long : leaves succulent ; blades spatulate 

 varying to linear or obovate, obtuse, narrowed into thick petioles : spikes solitary or 2 

 together, simple or forked, elongating, scorpioid : calyx sessile ; lobes lanceolate to oblong- 

 lanceolate, 1.5 mm. long, acute : corolla white, with a yellow center, turning blue; limb 

 3-6 mm. broad, with 5 rounded lobes : fruit 2-2.5 mm. broad, surpassed by the calyx- 

 lobes. 



On the coast, Virginia to Florida and Texas and on the Pacific coast. Also in^the warmer parts of 

 the world. 



3. Heliotropium parviflomm L. Annual, more or less densely pubescent. Sterns 

 2-7 dm. tall, branching : leaves rather numerous ; blades elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 2-6 

 cm. long, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, narrowed into short petioles : spikes soli- 

 tary or in pairs, slender, 5-15 cm. long : calyx sessile; lobes lanceolate ^or linear, acute: 

 corolla white ; tube about as long as the calyx, bearded in the throat ; limb about 2 mm. 

 broad : fruit much depressed, 2 mm. long, surpassing the calyx-lobes. 



In sand, Florida Keys and southern Texas. Also in tropical America. 



4. Heliotropium Indicum L. Annual, coarse, more or less densely hirsute. Stems 

 1-7 dm. tall, branching : leaf-blades ovate, oval or oblong, 2-10 cm. long, obtuse or acutish, 



