RHINANTHACEAE 1057 



6. MAURANDIA Ortega. 



Annual or perennial herbs, with spreading or climbing stems. Leaves alternate, or 

 opposite below : blades flat, hastate, angulate or coarsely toothed. Flowers on axillary 

 pedicels. Sepals partially united. Corolla showy, pink, purple or violet, irregular : tube 

 scarcely gibbous at the base, with 2 often pubescent lines or plaits in the throat. Stamens 

 4, included : filaments thickened at the apex. Anther-sacs often confluent. Styles with 

 2 dilated lobes at the apex. Ovules numerous. Capsule short, opening by transverse or 

 irregular chinks. Seeds sometimes winged, wrinkled or tuberculate. 



1. Maurandia Wislizfeni Engelm. Stems glabrous, usually low-climbing : leaf-blades 

 hastate or some of them sagittate, 1-4 cm. long, all but the lower ones with acute or acumi- 

 nate tips and basal lobes : pedicels much shorter than the petioles : calyx-lobes linear- 

 lanceolate, becoming rigid, triangular-lanceolate, prominently reticulated, saccate and 

 keeled near the base and often 2 cm. long at maturity : corolla pale or purplish blue, 2-2.5 

 cm. long : style becoming sword-like, surmounting the globose-ovoid capsule which is usu- 

 ally about 1 cm. high : seeds narrowly winged. 



In dry soil, southern Texas to New Mexico and Mexico. Spring to fall. 



7. COLLINSIA Nutt. 



Annual caulescent herbs. Leaves opposite or whorled : blades flat, often narrow, 

 entire or toothed. Flowers solitary or clustered in the upper axils. Calyx-lobes 5. Cor- 

 olla white, pink, violet or variegated, 2-lipped : tube short, the middle lobe of the lower lip 

 involute. Stamens 4, declined, enclosed in the middle lobe of the lower lip of the corolla. 

 Staminodium gland-like near the base of the corolla tube. Anther-sacs confluent near the 

 top. Styles united. Capsule globose or ovoid, the 2 valves each 2-cleft. Seeds peltate, 

 concave on the inner side. 



Pedicels as long as the corollas : corolla-lobes deeply notched or cleft. 1. C. violacea. 



Pedicels longer than the corollas : corolla-lobes retuse or emarginate. 2. (7. verna. 



1. Collinsfa violacea Nutt. Stems 0.5-2 dm. tall, often branching. Leaf-blades 

 suborbicular to oblong, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 0.5-4 cm. long, undulate or spar- 

 ingly serrate, the upper ones sessile : flowers 2-4 in a whorl : calyx finely pubescent ; lobes 

 lanceolate, about as long as the tube : corolla violet, about 1 cm. long, and as long as the 

 pedicel, the upper lip much smaller than the lower, all the lobes deeply notched or cleft : 

 capsules subglobose, 4-5 mm. in diameter. 



On prairies, Kansas to Arkansas and the Indian Territory. Spring. 



2. Collinsia v6rna Nutt. Stems 1-5 dm. tall, sometimes branche 1 at the base. 

 Leaf -blades suborbicular or ovate at the base of the stem to ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceo- 

 late above, 0.5-5 cm. long, undulate or sharply serrate, the upper partly clasping : flowers 

 often 6 in a whorl or sometimes solitary : calyx glabrous ; lobes lanceolate : corolla about 1 

 cm. long, shorter than the pedicel ; the lower lip bright blue, the upper white or purplish, 

 the lobes of both lips retuse or emarginate : capsules oval-globose, 4-5 mm. long. 



In moist woods and copses, New York and Wisconsin to Minnesota, south to Kentucky and the 

 Indian Territory. Spring. 



8. SCROPHULARIA L. 



Perennial, caulescent, strong-scented herbs. Leaves opposite : blades flat, broadest 

 below the middle, toothed or incised. Flowers proterogynous, in terminal panicled cymes. 

 Calyx-lobes 5, relatively broad. Corolla purple, yellowish or green, 2-lipped : tube neither 

 gibbous nor spurred at the base, the upper lip erect, the middle lobe of the lower lip 

 spreading or reflexed. Stamens 4 : sterile filament scale-like on the upper side of the 

 corolla : anther-sacs confluent. Styles united. Ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid. Seeds 

 wingless, wrinkled. FIGWORT. 



Leaf-blades serrulate. 1. S. serrulata. 



Leaf-blades coarsely serrate or incised. 



Corolla dull without : sterile filament deep purple. 



Leaf-blades glabrous beneath or essentially sol: corolla 4-6 mm. long : capsules 



mostly less than 6 mm. long. 2. S. Marylandica. 



Leaf- blades closely pubescent beneath : corolla 8-9 mm. long : capsules mostly 



over 6 mm. long. 3. S. neglecta. 



Corolla lustrous without : sterile filament greenish yellow. 



67 



