1090 PINGUICULACEAE 



bearing. Scapes simple, commonly with a few scales toward the base. Flowers racemose 

 or sometimes solitary. Pedicels subtended by small bracts. Sepals 2, accompanied by 2 

 similar bractlets. Corolla surpassing the calyx, strongly 2-lipped. Stamens incurved : 

 filaments stout. Capsules 2-valved. [Polypompholyx Lehm.] 



1. Cosmiza longeciliata (A. DC.) Small. Glabrous, bright green. Leaves fewer 

 many, often wanting; blades linear, 5-6 mm. long : scapes filiform, 5-15 cm. high, with 

 several bristly scales, chiefly near the base : racemes 3-7-flowered, spike-like : pedicels 

 shorter than the calyx : bracts, bractlets and calyx conspicuously ciliate with long hairs : 

 corolla yellow, 6-8 mm. broad ; lips unequal, the lower one larger, nearly entire ; spur 

 horn-shaped, about as long as the lower lip. [ Utricularia longeciliata A. DC.] 



In springy places, peninsular Florida. Also in the West Indies. 



3. UTRICULARIA L. 



Aquatic or terrestrial scapose herbs. Stems horizontal, creeping on the surface of the 

 ground in wet places or in shallow water, or more or less free-swimming : some species 

 essentially acaulescent, the stems minute or obsolete. Leaves commonly finely dissected, 

 bladder-bearing, often reduced, rarely wanting. Bladders constricted at the mouth, which 

 is closed by an operculum and often furnished with several projecting processes. Flowers 

 solitary or racemose. Sepals 2, slightly united. Corolla 2-lipped, with a palate closing the 

 throat : upper lip entire or 2-lobed : lower lip entire or 3-lobed, produced into a spur at the 

 base. Capsule commonly irregularly dehiscent, several- or many-seeded. BLADDERWORT. 



Scapes solitary at the nodes of elongated, more or less free-swimming stems. 



Corolla violet-purple. 1. U. purpurea. 



Corolla yellow. 



Scapes each with a whorl of conspicuous inflated bracts. 



Racemes 1-3-flowered : corolla about 1.5 cm. broad. 2. V. radiata. 



Racemes 5-12-flowered : corolla'about 2 cm. broad. 3. U. inflata. 



Scapes without conspicuous inflated bracts. 



Racemes 5-10-flowered : leaves 2-3-pinnately dissected : mature bladders 



at least 3 mm. long. 4. U. rulgarit. 



Racemes 10-20-flowered : leaves 4-5-pinnately dissected : bladders 2 mm. 



long or less. 



Pedicels recurving in fruit. 5. U. oliooifperma. 



Pedicels erect or ascending in fruit. 6. U. Ftoridana. 



Scapes solitary or several together, the stems radiating from their bases often 



more or less root-like. 

 Corolla yellow. 



Spur much shorter than the lower lip of the corolla, conic, obtuse. 7. U. gibba. 



Spur about the length of the upper lip of the corolla. 



Corolla less than 12 mm. broad. 8. I', hiflora. 



Corolla more than 12 mm. broad. 9. U. fibrosa. 



Spur much exceeding in length the lower lip of the corolla. 10. U. macrorhyncha. 



Corolla violet-purple : flower solitary, transverse on the summit of the scape. 11. U. rcsupinata. 

 Scapes solitary, rooting : stems, leaves and bladders so minute and delicate that 



they are usually overlooked. 



Pedicels longer than the subtending bracts. 12. U. subulata. 



Pedicels shorter than the subtending bracts. 



Corolla shorter than the calyx. 13. U. simplex. 



Corolla surpassing the calyx. 



Corolla less than 1 cm. broad ; spur about 6 mm. long. 14. U.juncea. 



Corolla more than 1.5 cm. broad ; spur about 12 mm. long. 15. U. cornnta. 



1. Utricularia purpurea Walt Stems submersed, elongated, the branches numer- 

 ous, f,,whorled, verticillately decompound. Leaves none : bladders solitary, terminating 

 many of the ultimate branchlets, the orifices without projecting processes : scapes erect, 

 slender, spongy -thickened below, 1-3 dm. tall, often naked : racemes 1-4-flowered : pedi- 

 cels erect or ascending : calyx becoming 2-2.5 mm. long : corolla violet-purple, 8-15 cm. 

 broad, the upper lip truncate, the lower lip 3-lobed, its saccate lateral lobes forming the 

 palate ; spur conic, somewhat flattened, about as long as the middle lobe : capsules erect 

 or ascending. 



In ponds and ditches, Maine to Indiana and Florida. Spring to fall. 



2. Utricularia radiata Small. Stems submersed, slender, elongated. Leaves dichot- 

 pmously dissected, copiously bladder-bearing : scapes erect, emersed, 6-12 cm. tall, bear- 

 ing near the middle a single whorl of 4-6 conspicuous inflated bracts, which are more or 

 less confluent at the base and pinnately dissected near the tip : racemes 1-3-flowered : pedi- 

 cels 0.5-1.5 cm. long, erect or ascending in fruit : calyx becoming 2-3 mm. long : corolla 

 yellow, about 1.5 cm. broad, the upper lip concave, nearly entire ; the lower lip 3-lobed, 

 about twice as long as the appressed conic emarginate spur. [ U. inflata var. minor Chapm., 

 not U. miner L.] 



In ponds and ditches, Massachusetts to Florida and Texas. Spring to fall. 



